Key Components of Organizational Theory
Unraveling the Key Components of Organizational Theory: A Comprehensive Guide</ Stiles><br />
</head></p>
<p><body><p class="read-also"><strong>Read Also:</strong> <a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/culture-and-organizational-theory/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><strong>Culture and Organizational Theory</strong></a></p></p>
<p>Organizational theory is a fascinating and intricate field that serves as the backbone of modern businesses and institutions. It provides a framework for understanding the complex dynamics and relationships within organizations, offering insights into how they function, adapt, and thrive. Effective leadership and management are grounded in a solid grasp of these principles, which are essential for optimizing performance and achieving success in the competitive business landscape.</p>
<div id="ez-toc-container" class="ez-toc-v2_0_69 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction">
<div class="ez-toc-title-container">
<p class="ez-toc-title " >Table of Contents</p>
<span class="ez-toc-title-toggle"></span></div>
<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1" href="#Understanding_the_Basics_What_Is_Organizational_Theory" title="Understanding the Basics: What Is Organizational Theory?">Understanding the Basics: What Is Organizational Theory?</a></li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2" href="#Key_Components_The_Building_Blocks_of_Organizational_Theory" title="Key Components: The Building Blocks of Organizational Theory">Key Components: The Building Blocks of Organizational Theory</a></li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3" href="#Applying_Organizational_Theory_Strategies_for_Success" title="Applying Organizational Theory: Strategies for Success">Applying Organizational Theory: Strategies for Success</a></li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4" href="#Conclusion_Unleashing_the_Power_of_Organizational_Theory" title="Conclusion: Unleashing the Power of Organizational Theory">Conclusion: Unleashing the Power of Organizational Theory</a></li></ul></nav></div>
<h2><span class="ez-toc-section" id="Understanding_the_Basics_What_Is_Organizational_Theory"></span>Understanding the Basics: What Is Organizational Theory?<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h2>
<p>At its core, organizational theory is a multidisciplinary field of study that examines the structures, processes, and behaviors within organizations. It draws on a rich tapestry of academic disciplines, including sociology, psychology, economics, and management, to provide a holistic understanding of how organizations operate. By analyzing the intricate interplay between individuals, groups, and the broader organizational context, this field offers a roadmap for designing and managing effective enterprises that can weather challenges and capitalize on opportunities.</p>
<h2><span class="ez-toc-section" id="Key_Components_The_Building_Blocks_of_Organizational_Theory"></span>Key Components: The Building Blocks of Organizational Theory<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h2>
<p>Organizational theory is comprised of several fundamental components that collectively shape the character and functioning of an institution. These elements form the bedrock of any successful venture and provide a strategic advantage in the face of an ever-changing business environment.<p class="read-also"><strong>Read Also:</strong> <a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/comparing-classical-modern-organizational-theories/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><strong>Comparing Classical and Modern Organizational Theories</strong></a></p></p>
<h3>Structure and Design</h3>
<p>The structural framework of an organization is akin to its skeleton, providing the stability and framework necessary for efficient operations. It encompasses the formal arrangement of roles, responsibilities, and relationships within the entity. Effective structuring involves carefully delineating lines of authority, decision-making processes, and communication channels. This ensures that tasks are executed seamlessly and that goals are achieved with precision. The chosen structure should align with the organization’s strategy, values, and culture, facilitating coordination and innovation rather than hindering them through red tape.</p>
<p>Organizational design, a critical subset of structure, involves configuring the entity’s systems and processes to align with its strategic objectives. This includes determining the optimal number of hierarchical levels, the span of control for managers, and the specialization of tasks. A well-designed organization is agile and responsive to market demands, capable of adapting its processes without sacrificing efficiency or quality.</p>
<h3>Culture and Values</h3>
<p>Organizational culture represents the shared values, beliefs, and behaviors that shape the social fabric of an institution. It is the personality of the organization, influencing how individuals interact, make decisions, and approach their work. A strong and positive culture fosters a sense of unity and purpose, encouraging employees to embrace shared goals and values. This, in turn, enhances commitment, motivation, and performance. Organizational culture is deeply intertwined with symbols, rituals, and narratives, which collectively shape the entity’s unique identity and set it apart from its competitors.<p class="read-also"><strong>Read Also:</strong> <a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/historical-evolution-of-organizational-theories/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><strong>Historical Evolution of Organizational Theories</strong></a></p></p>
<p>Core values are the fundamental beliefs that guide the behavior and decision-making within an organization. They serve as a moral compass, influencing how individuals treat each other and how the organization interacts with its stakeholders. Values such as integrity, innovation, respect, and customer focus provide a framework for ethical conduct and help maintain the entity’s reputation. When effectively communicated and embodied by leadership, these values can inspire a sense of pride and commitment throughout the ranks.</p>
<h3>Leadership and Management</h3>
<p>Leadership is the lifeblood of any organization, providing direction, inspiration, and strategic vision. Effective leaders possess a diverse set of skills, including the ability to communicate a compelling vision, motivate and empower employees, and adapt their style to different situations. They cultivate a culture of trust, innovation, and continuous improvement, fostering an environment where individuals thrive and contribute their best. Strong leadership is essential for navigating the complexities of modern business, driving organizational success, and maintaining a competitive edge.</p>
<p>Management, closely linked to leadership, involves the coordination and optimization of resources to achieve organizational goals. It entails planning, organizing, directing, and controlling activities to ensure efficient and effective operations. Managers play a pivotal role in allocating resources, setting strategic objectives, and overseeing day-to-day tasks. Their ability to make sound decisions, solve problems, and delegate effectively is crucial for the smooth functioning of the organization. Additionally, managers are responsible for fostering a positive work environment, promoting collaboration, and developing the skills of their team members.<p class="read-also"><strong>Read Also:</strong> <a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/understanding-theory-of-organization/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><strong>Understanding the Theory of Organization</strong></a></p></p>
<h3>Motivation and Performance</h3>
<p>Motivation is the engine that drives employee performance and engagement. It represents the internal drive that influences individuals to act and persist in the face of challenges. Organizational theory explores various motivation theories, including intrinsic and extrinsic factors, to understand what inspires employees to excel. Incentives, recognition, growth opportunities, and a sense of purpose are some of the key motivators that enhance productivity and job satisfaction. Effective performance management systems provide clear goals, feedback, and development opportunities, fostering a culture of continuous improvement.</p>
<h3>Change and Innovation</h3>
<p>Change is inevitable in the business world, and organizational theory equips leaders with the tools to manage it effectively. This involves understanding the change process, from initiating it to implementing and sustaining it over time. Resistance to change is a natural occurrence, and effective leaders must possess the skills to navigate this hurdle through communication, involvement, and support. Organizational theory also emphasizes the importance of innovation as a driver of competitive advantage. This includes fostering a culture of creativity, encouraging experimentation, and providing the resources necessary for developing new ideas and processes.</p>
<h2><span class="ez-toc-section" id="Applying_Organizational_Theory_Strategies_for_Success"></span>Applying Organizational Theory: Strategies for Success<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h2>
<p>Organizational theory provides a wealth of knowledge to optimize the functioning of institutions. Here are some practical strategies for applying these principles to enhance performance and achieve success:<p class="read-also"><strong>Read Also:</strong> <a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/role-of-leadership-in-organizational-theory/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><strong>The Role of Leadership in Organizational Theory</strong></a></p></p>
<ul>
<li><strong>Structure Alignment:</strong> Ensure that the organization’s structure aligns with its strategy and goals. A flat structure may promote agility and innovation, while a hierarchical structure can provide clear lines of authority and control. Regularly review and adjust the structure to meet evolving needs.</li>
<li><strong>Cultivate a Strong Culture:</strong> Define and communicate the organization’s core values and desired culture. Embed these values into daily operations and decision-making processes. Celebrate and reward behaviors that embody the desired culture to reinforce its importance.</li>
<li><strong>Embrace Adaptive Leadership:</strong> Adopt a flexible leadership style that adapts to the situation and the needs of the team. Empower employees, encourage innovation, and provide support and guidance to help individuals reach their full potential.</li>
<li><strong>Motivate and Engage:</strong> Understand the diverse motivators of your workforce and design incentive structures accordingly. Provide opportunities for growth and development, recognize achievements, and foster a sense of ownership and autonomy to enhance engagement.</li>
<li><strong>Manage Change Effectively:</strong> Embrace change as an opportunity for growth and improvement. Communicate the need for change clearly and involve employees in the process. Provide training and support to help individuals adapt and embrace new ways of working.</li>
</ul>
<h2><span class="ez-toc-section" id="Conclusion_Unleashing_the_Power_of_Organizational_Theory"></span>Conclusion: Unleashing the Power of Organizational Theory<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h2>
<p>Organizational theory is a powerful toolkit that enables leaders and managers to navigate the complexities of modern business. It provides a deep understanding of the intricate dynamics within institutions, offering insights into human behavior, group interactions, and effective management strategies. By applying the key components outlined in this article – structure and design, culture and values, leadership and management, motivation and performance, and change and innovation – leaders can optimize their organization’s potential. This holistic approach equips them to adapt to market demands, drive innovation, and foster a high-performing, engaged workforce. Ultimately, organizational theory serves as a compass, guiding entities toward success and enabling them to thrive in an ever-changing landscape of challenges and opportunities.
<p></body>
<p></html>
<style>
.read-also {
background-color: #f8f8f8;
border-left: 4px solid #0066cc;
padding: 10px 15px;
margin: 15px 0;
font-size: 0.95em;
}
.read-also a {
color: #0066cc;
text-decoration: none;
font-weight: bold;
}
.read-also a:hover {
text-decoration: underline;
}
</style>
</div></div><div class="td_block_wrap tdb_single_post_share tdi_165 td-pb-border-top td_block_template_1" data-td-block-uid="tdi_165" >
<style>.tdi_165 .td-post-sharing,.tdi_165 .tdb-share-classic{text-align:center}.tdi_165 .td-post-sharing-visible{align-items:center}</style><div id="tdi_165" class="td-post-sharing tdb-block td-ps-bg td-ps-notext td-ps-rounded td-post-sharing-style3 "><div class="td-post-sharing-visible"><div class="td-social-sharing-button td-social-sharing-button-js td-social-handler td-social-share-text">
<div class="td-social-but-icon"><i class="td-icon-share"></i></div>
<div class="td-social-but-text">Share</div>
</div><a class="td-social-sharing-button td-social-sharing-button-js td-social-network td-social-facebook" href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Flivres-economie-gestion.com%2Fkey-components-of-organizational-theory%2F" title="Facebook" ><div class="td-social-but-icon"><i class="td-icon-facebook"></i></div><div class="td-social-but-text">Facebook</div></a><a class="td-social-sharing-button td-social-sharing-button-js td-social-network td-social-twitter" href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=Key+Components+of+Organizational+Theory&url=https%3A%2F%2Flivres-economie-gestion.com%2Fkey-components-of-organizational-theory%2F&via=Economics+and+Management+Academy" title="Twitter" ><div class="td-social-but-icon"><i class="td-icon-twitter"></i></div><div class="td-social-but-text">Twitter</div></a><a class="td-social-sharing-button td-social-sharing-button-js td-social-network td-social-pinterest" href="https://pinterest.com/pin/create/button/?url=https://livres-economie-gestion.com/key-components-of-organizational-theory/&media=https://livres-economie-gestion.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Key-Components-of-Organizational-Theory.Webp&description=Key+Components+of+Organizational+Theory" title="Pinterest" ><div class="td-social-but-icon"><i class="td-icon-pinterest"></i></div><div class="td-social-but-text">Pinterest</div></a><a class="td-social-sharing-button td-social-sharing-button-js td-social-network td-social-whatsapp" href="https://api.whatsapp.com/send?text=Key+Components+of+Organizational+Theory %0A%0A https://livres-economie-gestion.com/key-components-of-organizational-theory/" title="WhatsApp" ><div class="td-social-but-icon"><i class="td-icon-whatsapp"></i></div><div class="td-social-but-text">WhatsApp</div></a></div><div class="td-social-sharing-hidden"><ul class="td-pulldown-filter-list"></ul><a class="td-social-sharing-button td-social-handler td-social-expand-tabs" href="#" data-block-uid="tdi_165" title="More">
<div class="td-social-but-icon"><i class="td-icon-plus td-social-expand-tabs-icon"></i></div>
</a></div></div></div></div></div><div class="vc_column tdi_167 wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span5 td-is-sticky">
<style scoped>.tdi_167{vertical-align:baseline}.tdi_167>.wpb_wrapper,.tdi_167>.wpb_wrapper>.tdc-elements{display:block}.tdi_167>.wpb_wrapper>.tdc-elements{width:100%}.tdi_167>.wpb_wrapper>.vc_row_inner{width:auto}.tdi_167>.wpb_wrapper{width:auto;height:auto}.tdi_167{width:30%!important}@media (min-width:768px) and (max-width:1018px){.tdi_167{padding-top:20px!important}}@media (max-width:767px){.tdi_167{padding-top:0px!important;padding-right:20px!important;padding-left:20px!important;width:100%!important}}</style><div class="wpb_wrapper" data-sticky-enabled-on="W3RydWUsdHJ1ZSx0cnVlLHRydWVd" data-sticky-offset="20" data-sticky-is-width-auto="W2ZhbHNlLGZhbHNlLGZhbHNlLGZhbHNlXQ=="><div class="vc_row_inner tdi_169 vc_row vc_inner wpb_row td-pb-row" >
<style scoped>.tdi_169{position:relative!important;top:0;transform:none;-webkit-transform:none}.tdi_169,.tdi_169 .tdc-inner-columns{display:block}.tdi_169 .tdc-inner-columns{width:100%}@media (min-width:768px){.tdi_169{margin-left:-0px;margin-right:-0px}.tdi_169>.vc_column_inner,.tdi_169>.tdc-inner-columns>.vc_column_inner{padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px}}.tdi_169{margin-right:-84px!important;margin-bottom:40px!important}.tdi_169 .td_block_wrap{text-align:left}@media (min-width:1019px) and (max-width:1140px){.tdi_169{margin-right:-35px!important}}@media (min-width:768px) and (max-width:1018px){.tdi_169{margin-right:-10px!important}}</style><div class="vc_column_inner tdi_171 wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-inner-column td-pb-span12">
<style scoped>.tdi_171{vertical-align:baseline}.tdi_171 .vc_column-inner>.wpb_wrapper,.tdi_171 .vc_column-inner>.wpb_wrapper .tdc-elements{display:block}.tdi_171 .vc_column-inner>.wpb_wrapper .tdc-elements{width:100%}.tdi_171{padding-top:35px!important;padding-right:60px!important;padding-bottom:30px!important;padding-left:40px!important;position:relative}@media (min-width:768px) and (max-width:1018px){.tdi_171{padding-top:25px!important;padding-right:15px!important;padding-bottom:15px!important;padding-left:15px!important}}@media (min-width:1019px) and (max-width:1140px){.tdi_171{padding-top:30px!important;padding-right:30px!important;padding-bottom:15px!important;padding-left:20px!important}}@media (max-width:767px){.tdi_171{padding-top:25px!important;padding-right:25px!important;padding-bottom:20px!important;padding-left:25px!important}}</style>
<div class="tdi_170_rand_style td-element-style" ><style>.tdi_170_rand_style{background-color:var(--light-gray)!important}</style></div><div class="vc_column-inner"><div class="wpb_wrapper" ><div class="tdm_block td_block_wrap tdm_block_inline_text tdi_172 td-pb-border-top td_block_template_1" data-td-block-uid="tdi_172" >
<style>.tdi_172{margin-bottom:12px!important}</style>
<style>.tdm_block.tdm_block_inline_text{margin-bottom:0;vertical-align:top}.tdm_block.tdm_block_inline_text .tdm-descr{margin-bottom:0;-webkit-transform:translateZ(0);transform:translateZ(0)}.tdc-row-content-vert-center .tdm-inline-text-yes{vertical-align:middle}.tdc-row-content-vert-bottom .tdm-inline-text-yes{vertical-align:bottom}.tdi_172{text-align:left!important}.tdi_172 .tdm-descr{color:var(--base-color-1);font-family:var(--global-font-1)!important;font-size:17px!important;line-height:1.2!important;font-weight:700!important}@media (min-width:768px) and (max-width:1018px){.tdi_172 .tdm-descr{font-size:15px!important}}</style><p class="tdm-descr">Hot this week</p></div><div class="td_block_wrap td_flex_block_1 tdi_173 td-pb-border-top td-numbered-post-flex td_block_template_1 td_flex_block" data-td-block-uid="tdi_173" >
<style>.tdi_173{margin-bottom:0px!important}</style>
<style>.tdi_173 .entry-thumb{background-position:center 50%;background-image:none!important}.tdi_173 .td-image-container{display:none}body .tdi_173 .td-favorite{font-size:36px;box-shadow:1px 1px 4px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.2)}.tdi_173 .td-module-meta-info{padding:0 40px 0 0;border-color:#eaeaea}.tdi_173 .td_module_wrap{padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:7.5px;margin-bottom:7.5px}.tdi_173 .td_block_inner{margin-left:-0px;margin-right:-0px}.tdi_173 .td-module-container:before{bottom:-7.5px;border-width:0 0 1px 0;border-style:solid;border-color:#eaeaea;border-color:#b1b4bc}.tdi_173 .td-post-vid-time{display:block}.tdi_173 .td-post-category{margin:0px;padding:0px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0);color:var(--accent-color-1);border-width:0px;border-style:solid;border-color:#aaa;border-color:var(--accent-color-1);font-family:var(--global-font-1)!important;font-size:15px!important;line-height:1!important;font-weight:700!important}.tdi_173 .td-author-photo .avatar{width:20px;height:20px;margin-right:6px;border-radius:50%}.tdi_173 .td-excerpt{display:none;margin:0px;column-count:1;column-gap:48px}.tdi_173 .td-audio-player{opacity:1;visibility:visible;height:auto;font-size:13px}.tdi_173 .td-read-more{display:none}.tdi_173 .td-author-date{display:none}.tdi_173 .td-post-author-name{display:none}.tdi_173 .td-post-date,.tdi_173 .td-post-author-name span{display:none;color:var(--base-color-1)}.tdi_173 .entry-review-stars{display:none}.tdi_173 .td-icon-star,.tdi_173 .td-icon-star-empty,.tdi_173 .td-icon-star-half{font-size:15px}.tdi_173 .td-module-comments{display:none}.tdi_173 .td_module_wrap:nth-last-child(1){margin-bottom:0;padding-bottom:0}.tdi_173 .td_module_wrap:nth-last-child(1) .td-module-container:before{display:none}.tdi_173 .td-post-category:hover{background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0)!important;color:var(--accent-color-2);border-color:var(--accent-color-2)}.tdi_173 .td-module-title a{color:var(--base-color-1);box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 0 #000}.tdi_173 .td_module_wrap:hover .td-module-title a{color:var(--accent-color-1)!important}.tdi_173.td_with_ajax_pagination .td-next-prev-wrap a,.tdi_173 .td-load-more-wrap a{color:#000000;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0);border-width:0px}.tdi_173 .td-load-more-wrap a .td-load-more-icon-svg svg,.tdi_173 .td-load-more-wrap a .td-load-more-icon-svg svg *,.tdi_173.td_with_ajax_pagination .td-next-prev-wrap .td-next-prev-icon-svg svg,.tdi_173.td_with_ajax_pagination .td-next-prev-wrap .td-next-prev-icon-svg svg *{fill:#000000}.tdi_173.td_with_ajax_pagination .td-next-prev-wrap a:hover,.tdi_173 .td-load-more-wrap a:hover{color:#309b65;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0)!important;border-color:rgba(255,255,255,0)!important}.tdi_173 .td-load-more-wrap a:hover .td-load-more-icon-svg svg,.tdi_173 .td-load-more-wrap a:hover .td-load-more-icon-svg svg *,.tdi_173.td_with_ajax_pagination .td-next-prev-wrap a:hover .td-next-prev-icon-svg svg,.tdi_173.td_with_ajax_pagination .td-next-prev-wrap a:hover .td-next-prev-icon-svg svg *{fill:#309b65}.tdi_173 .td-module-exclusive .td-module-title a:before{display:none;margin:-4px 5px 0 0;padding:4px 5px 3px;color:#ffffff;background-color:var(--accent-color-1);font-family:var(--global-font-2)!important;font-size:10px!important;line-height:1!important;font-weight:500!important;text-transform:uppercase!important;letter-spacing:0.5px!important}.tdi_173 .td-module-exclusive:hover .td-module-title a:before{color:#ffffff;background-color:var(--accent-color-2)}.tdi_173 .entry-title{margin:10px 0 5px;font-family:var(--global-font-1)!important;font-size:15px!important;line-height:1.2!important;font-weight:700!important}.tdi_173.td_with_ajax_pagination .td-next-prev-wrap,.tdi_173 .td-load-more-wrap{margin-top:15px}.tdi_173.td_with_ajax_pagination .td-next-prev-wrap a,.tdi_173 .td-load-more-wrap a i{font-size:10px}.tdi_173 .td-load-more-wrap a .td-load-more-icon-svg svg,.tdi_173.td_with_ajax_pagination .td-next-prev-wrap .td-next-prev-icon-svg svg{width:10px;height:calc(10px + 1px)}.tdi_173 .td-block-title a,.tdi_173 .td-block-title span{font-family:var(--global-font-1)!important;font-weight:700!important}.tdi_173 .td-subcat-list a,.tdi_173 .td-subcat-dropdown span,.tdi_173 .td-subcat-dropdown a{font-family:var(--global-font-2)!important;font-size:15px!important;line-height:1.2!important}.tdi_173 .td-editor-date,.tdi_173 .td-editor-date .td-post-author-name a,.tdi_173 .td-editor-date .entry-date,.tdi_173 .td-module-comments a{font-family:var(--global-font-1)!important;font-size:13px!important;line-height:1!important;font-weight:500!important;text-transform:capitalize!important}html:not([class*='ie']) .tdi_173 .td-module-container:hover .entry-thumb:before{opacity:0}@media (min-width:768px){.tdi_173 .td-module-title a{transition:all 0.2s ease;-webkit-transition:all 0.2s ease}}@media (min-width:1019px) and (max-width:1140px){.tdi_173 .td-image-container{display:none}.tdi_173 .td-module-meta-info{padding:0 20px 0 0}.tdi_173 .td_module_wrap{padding-bottom:5px;margin-bottom:5px;padding-bottom:5px!important;margin-bottom:5px!important}.tdi_173 .td-module-container:before{bottom:-5px}.tdi_173 .td-module-container{padding:0 0 12px}.tdi_173 .td_module_wrap:nth-last-child(1){margin-bottom:0!important;padding-bottom:0!important}.tdi_173 .td_module_wrap .td-module-container:before{display:block!important}.tdi_173 .td_module_wrap:nth-last-child(1) .td-module-container:before{display:none!important}.tdi_173 .td-module-title a{box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 0 #000}.tdi_173.td_with_ajax_pagination .td-next-prev-wrap,.tdi_173 .td-load-more-wrap{margin-top:10px}.tdi_173.td_with_ajax_pagination .td-next-prev-wrap a,.tdi_173 .td-load-more-wrap a i{font-size:8px}.tdi_173 .td-load-more-wrap a .td-load-more-icon-svg svg,.tdi_173.td_with_ajax_pagination .td-next-prev-wrap .td-next-prev-icon-svg svg{width:8px;height:calc(8px + 1px)}.tdi_173 .entry-title{font-size:14px!important}@media (min-width:768px){.tdi_173 .td-module-title a{transition:all 0.2s ease;-webkit-transition:all 0.2s ease}}}@media (min-width:768px) and (max-width:1018px){.tdi_173 .td-image-container{display:none}.tdi_173 .td-module-meta-info{padding:0 10px 0 0}.tdi_173 .td_module_wrap{padding-bottom:3px;margin-bottom:3px;padding-bottom:3px!important;margin-bottom:3px!important}.tdi_173 .td-module-container:before{bottom:-3px}.tdi_173 .td-module-container{padding:0 0 8px}.tdi_173 .td_module_wrap:nth-last-child(1){margin-bottom:0!important;padding-bottom:0!important}.tdi_173 .td_module_wrap .td-module-container:before{display:block!important}.tdi_173 .td_module_wrap:nth-last-child(1) .td-module-container:before{display:none!important}.tdi_173 .td-module-title a{box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 0 #000}.tdi_173 .entry-title{margin:6px 0 0;font-size:12px!important}.tdi_173.td_with_ajax_pagination .td-next-prev-wrap,.tdi_173 .td-load-more-wrap{margin-top:5px}.tdi_173.td_with_ajax_pagination .td-next-prev-wrap a,.tdi_173 .td-load-more-wrap a i{font-size:8px}.tdi_173 .td-load-more-wrap a .td-load-more-icon-svg svg,.tdi_173.td_with_ajax_pagination .td-next-prev-wrap .td-next-prev-icon-svg svg{width:8px;height:calc(8px + 1px)}.tdi_173 .td-post-category{font-size:10px!important}.tdi_173 .td-editor-date,.tdi_173 .td-editor-date .td-post-author-name a,.tdi_173 .td-editor-date .entry-date,.tdi_173 .td-module-comments a{font-size:11px!important}@media (min-width:768px){.tdi_173 .td-module-title a{transition:all 0.2s ease;-webkit-transition:all 0.2s ease}}}@media (max-width:767px){.tdi_173 .td-image-wrap{padding-bottom:110%}.tdi_173 .td-image-container{flex:0 0 30%;width:30%;display:none}.ie10 .tdi_173 .td-image-container,.ie11 .tdi_173 .td-image-container{flex:0 0 auto}.tdi_173 .td_module_wrap{padding-bottom:7.5px;margin-bottom:7.5px;padding-bottom:7.5px!important;margin-bottom:7.5px!important}.tdi_173 .td-module-container:before{bottom:-7.5px}.tdi_173 .td_module_wrap:nth-last-child(1){margin-bottom:0!important;padding-bottom:0!important}.tdi_173 .td_module_wrap .td-module-container:before{display:block!important}.tdi_173 .td_module_wrap:nth-last-child(1) .td-module-container:before{display:none!important}.tdi_173 .td-module-title a{box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 0 #000}@media (min-width:768px){.tdi_173 .td-module-title a{transition:all 0.2s ease;-webkit-transition:all 0.2s ease}}}</style><script>var block_tdi_173 = new tdBlock();
block_tdi_173.id = "tdi_173";
block_tdi_173.atts = '{"modules_on_row":"","image_size":"","image_floated":"hidden","image_width":"eyJwaG9uZSI6IjMwIn0=","image_height":"eyJwaG9uZSI6IjExMCJ9","show_btn":"none","show_excerpt":"eyJwaG9uZSI6Im5vbmUiLCJhbGwiOiJub25lIn0=","show_com":"eyJwaG9uZSI6Im5vbmUiLCJhbGwiOiJub25lIn0=","show_author":"none","show_cat":"","meta_padding":"eyJhbGwiOiIwIDQwcHggMCAwICIsInBvcnRyYWl0IjoiMCAxMHB4IDAgMCAiLCJsYW5kc2NhcGUiOiIwIDIwcHggMCAwICJ9","f_title_font_size":"eyJhbGwiOiIxNSIsImxhbmRzY2FwZSI6IjE0IiwicG9ydHJhaXQiOiIxMiJ9","f_title_font_line_height":"1.2","f_title_font_weight":"700","all_modules_space":"eyJhbGwiOiIxNSIsImxhbmRzY2FwZSI6IjEwIiwicG9ydHJhaXQiOiI2In0=","category_id":"","show_date":"eyJwb3J0cmFpdCI6Im5vbmUiLCJhbGwiOiJub25lIn0=","art_excerpt":"0","show_review":"none","tdc_css":"eyJhbGwiOnsibWFyZ2luLWJvdHRvbSI6IjAiLCJkaXNwbGF5IjoiIn0sInBvcnRyYWl0Ijp7ImRpc3BsYXkiOiIifSwicG9ydHJhaXRfbWF4X3dpZHRoIjoxMDE4LCJwb3J0cmFpdF9taW5fd2lkdGgiOjc2OCwicGhvbmUiOnsiZGlzcGxheSI6IiJ9LCJwaG9uZV9tYXhfd2lkdGgiOjc2NywibGFuZHNjYXBlIjp7ImRpc3BsYXkiOiIifSwibGFuZHNjYXBlX21heF93aWR0aCI6MTE0MCwibGFuZHNjYXBlX21pbl93aWR0aCI6MTAxOX0=","f_title_font_family":"global-font-1_global","mc1_el":"10","title_txt_hover":"var(--accent-color-1)","title_txt":"var(--base-color-1)","art_title":"eyJhbGwiOiIxMHB4IDAgNXB4IiwicG9ydHJhaXQiOiI2cHggMCAwIn0=","m_padding":"eyJsYW5kc2NhcGUiOiIwIDAgMTJweCIsInBvcnRyYWl0IjoiMCAwIDhweCJ9","modules_gap":"0","f_meta_font_size":"eyJhbGwiOiIxMyIsInBvcnRyYWl0IjoiMTEifQ==","f_meta_font_line_height":"1","f_meta_font_weight":"500","f_meta_font_family":"global-font-1_global","modules_cat_border":"0","modules_category_padding":"0","f_cat_font_family":"global-font-1_global","f_cat_font_transform":"","f_cat_font_size":"eyJhbGwiOiIxNSIsInBvcnRyYWl0IjoiMTAifQ==","f_cat_font_weight":"700","f_cat_font_line_height":"1","cat_bg":"rgba(255,255,255,0)","cat_bg_hover":"rgba(255,255,255,0)","cat_txt":"var(--accent-color-1)","cat_txt_hover":"var(--accent-color-2)","modules_category_margin":"0","ajax_pagination":"","pag_border_width":"0","pag_space":"eyJhbGwiOiIxNSIsImxhbmRzY2FwZSI6IjEwIiwicG9ydHJhaXQiOiI1In0=","prev_tdicon":"td-icon-menu-left","next_tdicon":"td-icon-menu-right","pag_icons_size":"eyJhbGwiOiIxMCIsImxhbmRzY2FwZSI6IjgiLCJwb3J0cmFpdCI6IjgifQ==","pag_text":"#000000","pag_h_text":"#309b65","pag_bg":"rgba(255,255,255,0)","pag_h_bg":"rgba(255,255,255,0)","f_excl_font_family":"global-font-2_global","f_excl_font_transform":"uppercase","f_excl_font_size":"10","f_excl_font_weight":"500","f_excl_font_line_height":"1","f_excl_font_spacing":"0.5","excl_padd":"4px 5px 3px","excl_color":"#ffffff","excl_color_h":"#ffffff","excl_bg":"var(--accent-color-1)","excl_bg_h":"var(--accent-color-2)","excl_margin":"-4px 5px 0 0","excl_show":"none","date_txt":"var(--base-color-1)","f_title_font_transform":"","sort":"","modules_category":"above","cat_border":"var(--accent-color-1)","cat_border_hover":"var(--accent-color-2)","modules_border_color":"","f_meta_font_transform":"capitalize","td_ajax_filter_type":"","td_filter_default_txt":"","block_template_id":"","f_ajax_font_family":"global-font-2_global","f_ajax_font_size":"15","f_header_font_family":"global-font-1_global","f_header_font_weight":"700","f_ajax_font_line_height":"1.2","border_color":"var(--base-color-1)","el_class":"td-numbered-post-flex","modules_divider":"solid","modules_divider_color":"#b1b4bc","block_type":"td_flex_block_1","separator":"","custom_title":"","custom_url":"","title_tag":"","mc1_tl":"","mc1_title_tag":"","post_ids":"-45046","taxonomies":"","category_ids":"","in_all_terms":"","tag_slug":"","autors_id":"","installed_post_types":"","include_cf_posts":"","exclude_cf_posts":"","popular_by_date":"","linked_posts":"","favourite_only":"","locked_only":"","limit":"5","offset":"","open_in_new_window":"","show_modified_date":"","time_ago":"","time_ago_add_txt":"ago","time_ago_txt_pos":"","review_source":"","td_query_cache":"","td_query_cache_expiration":"","td_ajax_filter_ids":"","td_ajax_preloading":"","container_width":"","modules_border_size":"","modules_border_style":"","modules_border_radius":"","h_effect":"","image_alignment":"50","image_radius":"","hide_image":"","show_favourites":"","fav_size":"2","fav_space":"","fav_ico_color":"","fav_ico_color_h":"","fav_bg":"","fav_bg_h":"","fav_shadow_shadow_header":"","fav_shadow_shadow_title":"Shadow","fav_shadow_shadow_size":"","fav_shadow_shadow_offset_horizontal":"","fav_shadow_shadow_offset_vertical":"","fav_shadow_shadow_spread":"","fav_shadow_shadow_color":"","video_icon":"","video_popup":"yes","video_rec":"","spot_header":"","video_rec_title":"","video_rec_color":"","video_rec_disable":"","autoplay_vid":"yes","show_vid_t":"block","vid_t_margin":"","vid_t_padding":"","video_title_color":"","video_title_color_h":"","video_bg":"","video_overlay":"","vid_t_color":"","vid_t_bg_color":"","f_vid_title_font_header":"","f_vid_title_font_title":"Video pop-up article title","f_vid_title_font_settings":"","f_vid_title_font_family":"","f_vid_title_font_size":"","f_vid_title_font_line_height":"","f_vid_title_font_style":"","f_vid_title_font_weight":"","f_vid_title_font_transform":"","f_vid_title_font_spacing":"","f_vid_title_":"","f_vid_time_font_title":"Video duration text","f_vid_time_font_settings":"","f_vid_time_font_family":"","f_vid_time_font_size":"","f_vid_time_font_line_height":"","f_vid_time_font_style":"","f_vid_time_font_weight":"","f_vid_time_font_transform":"","f_vid_time_font_spacing":"","f_vid_time_":"","excl_txt":"","all_excl_border":"","all_excl_border_style":"solid","excl_radius":"","all_excl_border_color":"","excl_border_color_h":"","f_excl_font_header":"","f_excl_font_title":"Label text","f_excl_font_settings":"","f_excl_font_style":"","f_excl_":"","meta_info_align":"","meta_info_horiz":"layout-default","meta_width":"","meta_margin":"","meta_space":"","art_btn":"","meta_info_border_size":"","meta_info_border_style":"","meta_info_border_color":"#eaeaea","meta_info_border_radius":"","modules_category_radius":"0","modules_extra_cat":"","author_photo":"","author_photo_size":"","author_photo_space":"","author_photo_radius":"","review_space":"","review_size":"2.5","review_distance":"","excerpt_col":"1","excerpt_gap":"","excerpt_middle":"","excerpt_inline":"","show_audio":"block","hide_audio":"","art_audio":"","art_audio_size":"1.5","btn_title":"","btn_margin":"","btn_padding":"","btn_border_width":"","btn_radius":"","pag_padding":"","pag_border_radius":"","f_header_font_header":"","f_header_font_title":"Block header","f_header_font_settings":"","f_header_font_size":"","f_header_font_line_height":"","f_header_font_style":"","f_header_font_transform":"","f_header_font_spacing":"","f_header_":"","f_ajax_font_title":"Ajax categories","f_ajax_font_settings":"","f_ajax_font_style":"","f_ajax_font_weight":"","f_ajax_font_transform":"","f_ajax_font_spacing":"","f_ajax_":"","f_more_font_title":"Load more button","f_more_font_settings":"","f_more_font_family":"","f_more_font_size":"","f_more_font_line_height":"","f_more_font_style":"","f_more_font_weight":"","f_more_font_transform":"","f_more_font_spacing":"","f_more_":"","f_title_font_header":"","f_title_font_title":"Article title","f_title_font_settings":"","f_title_font_style":"","f_title_font_spacing":"","f_title_":"","f_cat_font_title":"Article category tag","f_cat_font_settings":"","f_cat_font_style":"","f_cat_font_spacing":"","f_cat_":"","f_meta_font_title":"Article meta info","f_meta_font_settings":"","f_meta_font_style":"","f_meta_font_spacing":"","f_meta_":"","f_ex_font_title":"Article excerpt","f_ex_font_settings":"","f_ex_font_family":"","f_ex_font_size":"","f_ex_font_line_height":"","f_ex_font_style":"","f_ex_font_weight":"","f_ex_font_transform":"","f_ex_font_spacing":"","f_ex_":"","f_btn_font_title":"Article read more button","f_btn_font_settings":"","f_btn_font_family":"","f_btn_font_size":"","f_btn_font_line_height":"","f_btn_font_style":"","f_btn_font_weight":"","f_btn_font_transform":"","f_btn_font_spacing":"","f_btn_":"","mix_color":"","mix_type":"","fe_brightness":"1","fe_contrast":"1","fe_saturate":"1","mix_color_h":"","mix_type_h":"","fe_brightness_h":"1","fe_contrast_h":"1","fe_saturate_h":"1","m_bg":"","color_overlay":"","shadow_shadow_header":"","shadow_shadow_title":"Module Shadow","shadow_shadow_size":"","shadow_shadow_offset_horizontal":"","shadow_shadow_offset_vertical":"","shadow_shadow_spread":"","shadow_shadow_color":"","all_underline_height":"","all_underline_color":"","meta_bg":"","author_txt":"","author_txt_hover":"","ex_txt":"","com_bg":"","com_txt":"","rev_txt":"","audio_btn_color":"","audio_time_color":"","audio_bar_color":"","audio_bar_curr_color":"","shadow_m_shadow_header":"","shadow_m_shadow_title":"Meta info shadow","shadow_m_shadow_size":"","shadow_m_shadow_offset_horizontal":"","shadow_m_shadow_offset_vertical":"","shadow_m_shadow_spread":"","shadow_m_shadow_color":"","btn_bg":"","btn_bg_hover":"","btn_txt":"","btn_txt_hover":"","btn_border":"","btn_border_hover":"","pag_border":"","pag_h_border":"","ajax_pagination_next_prev_swipe":"","ajax_pagination_infinite_stop":"","css":"","td_column_number":1,"header_color":"","color_preset":"","border_top":"","class":"tdi_173","tdc_css_class":"tdi_173","tdc_css_class_style":"tdi_173_rand_style"}';
block_tdi_173.td_column_number = "1";
block_tdi_173.block_type = "td_flex_block_1";
block_tdi_173.post_count = "5";
block_tdi_173.found_posts = "980";
block_tdi_173.header_color = "";
block_tdi_173.ajax_pagination_infinite_stop = "";
block_tdi_173.max_num_pages = "196";
tdBlocksArray.push(block_tdi_173);
</script><div class="td-block-title-wrap"></div><div id=tdi_173 class="td_block_inner td-mc1-wrap">
<div class="td_module_flex td_module_flex_1 td_module_wrap td-animation-stack td-cpt-post">
<div class="td-module-container td-category-pos-above">
<div class="td-image-container">
<div class="td-module-thumb"><a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/decision-making-theories-in-organizations/" rel="bookmark" class="td-image-wrap " title="Decision-Making Theories in Organizations" ><span class="entry-thumb td-thumb-css" data-type="css_image" data-img-url="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Decision-Making-Theories-in-Organizations-696x392.webp" ></span></a></div> </div>
<div class="td-module-meta-info">
<a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/category/theory-of-organization/" class="td-post-category">Theory of Organization</a>
<h3 class="entry-title td-module-title"><a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/decision-making-theories-in-organizations/" rel="bookmark" title="Decision-Making Theories in Organizations">Decision-Making Theories in Organizations</a></h3>
<div class="td-editor-date">
<span class="td-author-date">
<span class="td-post-date"><time class="entry-date updated td-module-date" datetime="2024-08-29T15:28:51+01:00" >August 29, 2024</time></span> <span class="td-module-comments"><a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/decision-making-theories-in-organizations/#respond">0</a></span> </span>
</div>
<div class="td-excerpt">Reviews various decision-making theories in organizational contexts, from rational models to behavioral insights.</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="td_module_flex td_module_flex_1 td_module_wrap td-animation-stack td-cpt-post">
<div class="td-module-container td-category-pos-above">
<div class="td-image-container">
<div class="td-module-thumb"><a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/culture-and-organizational-theory/" rel="bookmark" class="td-image-wrap " title="Culture and Organizational Theory" ><span class="entry-thumb td-thumb-css" data-type="css_image" data-img-url="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Culture-and-Organizational-Theory-696x392.webp" ></span></a></div> </div>
<div class="td-module-meta-info">
<a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/category/theory-of-organization/" class="td-post-category">Theory of Organization</a>
<h3 class="entry-title td-module-title"><a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/culture-and-organizational-theory/" rel="bookmark" title="Culture and Organizational Theory">Culture and Organizational Theory</a></h3>
<div class="td-editor-date">
<span class="td-author-date">
<span class="td-post-date"><time class="entry-date updated td-module-date" datetime="2024-08-29T15:25:56+01:00" >August 29, 2024</time></span> <span class="td-module-comments"><a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/culture-and-organizational-theory/#respond">0</a></span> </span>
</div>
<div class="td-excerpt">Analyzes the impact of culture on organizational theory, highlighting the role of values, norms, and behaviors.</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="td_module_flex td_module_flex_1 td_module_wrap td-animation-stack td-cpt-post">
<div class="td-module-container td-category-pos-above">
<div class="td-image-container">
<div class="td-module-thumb"><a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/systems-theory-in-organizational-contexts/" rel="bookmark" class="td-image-wrap " title="Systems Theory in Organizational Contexts" ><span class="entry-thumb td-thumb-css" data-type="css_image" data-img-url="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Systems-Theory-in-Organizational-Contexts-696x392.webp" ></span></a></div> </div>
<div class="td-module-meta-info">
<a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/category/theory-of-organization/" class="td-post-category">Theory of Organization</a>
<h3 class="entry-title td-module-title"><a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/systems-theory-in-organizational-contexts/" rel="bookmark" title="Systems Theory in Organizational Contexts">Systems Theory in Organizational Contexts</a></h3>
<div class="td-editor-date">
<span class="td-author-date">
<span class="td-post-date"><time class="entry-date updated td-module-date" datetime="2024-08-29T15:23:13+01:00" >August 29, 2024</time></span> <span class="td-module-comments"><a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/systems-theory-in-organizational-contexts/#respond">0</a></span> </span>
</div>
<div class="td-excerpt">Explores the application of systems theory to organizational settings, focusing on feedback loops and interdependence.</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="td_module_flex td_module_flex_1 td_module_wrap td-animation-stack td-cpt-post">
<div class="td-module-container td-category-pos-above">
<div class="td-image-container">
<div class="td-module-thumb"><a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/organizational-structure-design-theoretical-perspectives/" rel="bookmark" class="td-image-wrap " title="Organizational Structure and Design: Theoretical Perspectives" ><span class="entry-thumb td-thumb-css" data-type="css_image" data-img-url="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Organizational-Structure-and-Design-Theoretical-Perspectives-696x392.webp" ></span></a></div> </div>
<div class="td-module-meta-info">
<a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/category/theory-of-organization/" class="td-post-category">Theory of Organization</a>
<h3 class="entry-title td-module-title"><a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/organizational-structure-design-theoretical-perspectives/" rel="bookmark" title="Organizational Structure and Design: Theoretical Perspectives">Organizational Structure and Design: Theoretical Perspectives</a></h3>
<div class="td-editor-date">
<span class="td-author-date">
<span class="td-post-date"><time class="entry-date updated td-module-date" datetime="2024-08-29T03:48:43+01:00" >August 29, 2024</time></span> <span class="td-module-comments"><a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/organizational-structure-design-theoretical-perspectives/#respond">0</a></span> </span>
</div>
<div class="td-excerpt">Examines different theoretical perspectives on organizational structure and design, emphasizing flexibility and adaptation.</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="td_module_flex td_module_flex_1 td_module_wrap td-animation-stack td-cpt-post">
<div class="td-module-container td-category-pos-above">
<div class="td-image-container">
<div class="td-module-thumb"><a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/role-of-leadership-in-organizational-theory/" rel="bookmark" class="td-image-wrap " title="The Role of Leadership in Organizational Theory" ><span class="entry-thumb td-thumb-css" data-type="css_image" data-img-url="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/The-Role-of-Leadership-in-Organizational-Theory-696x392.webp" ></span></a></div> </div>
<div class="td-module-meta-info">
<a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/category/theory-of-organization/" class="td-post-category">Theory of Organization</a>
<h3 class="entry-title td-module-title"><a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/role-of-leadership-in-organizational-theory/" rel="bookmark" title="The Role of Leadership in Organizational Theory">The Role of Leadership in Organizational Theory</a></h3>
<div class="td-editor-date">
<span class="td-author-date">
<span class="td-post-date"><time class="entry-date updated td-module-date" datetime="2024-08-29T02:48:46+01:00" >August 29, 2024</time></span> <span class="td-module-comments"><a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/role-of-leadership-in-organizational-theory/#respond">0</a></span> </span>
</div>
<div class="td-excerpt">Discusses how leadership shapes organizational theory and influences organizational success and culture.</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="td_block_wrap td_flex_block_1 tdi_174 td-pb-border-top td-cancel-border td_block_template_9 td_flex_block" data-td-block-uid="tdi_174" >
<style>.td_block_template_9.widget>ul>li{margin-left:0!important}.td_block_template_9 .td-block-title{font-size:17px;font-weight:500;margin-top:-10px;margin-bottom:22px;line-height:37px;padding:0;position:relative;text-align:left}.td_block_template_9 .td-block-title:before{content:'';width:100%;height:2px;position:absolute;top:100%;left:0;background-color:#f5f5f5}.td_block_template_9 .td-block-title:after{content:'';width:50px;height:2px;position:absolute;top:100%;left:0;margin:auto;background-color:var(--td_header_color,var(--td_theme_color,#4db2ec))}.td_block_template_9 .td-block-title>*{color:var(--td_text_header_color,#000)}.td_block_template_9 .td-subcat-filter{line-height:37px;display:table}.td_block_template_9 .td-subcat-dropdown{line-height:1;position:static}.td_block_template_9 .td-subcat-dropdown .td-subcat-more{margin-bottom:0!important}.td_block_template_9 .td-subcat-dropdown ul:after{height:2px!important}.td_block_template_9 .td-related-title{margin-top:0!important}.td_block_template_9 .td-related-title a{margin-right:20px}@media (max-width:767px){.td_block_template_9 .td-related-title a{font-size:15px}}.td_block_template_9 .td-related-title .td-cur-simple-item{color:var(--td_theme_color,#4db2ec)}.tdi_174 .td-block-title>*{color:var(--base-color-1)!important}.tdi_174 .td-block-title:after{background-color:var(--accent-color-1)!important}.tdi_174{margin-bottom:40px!important;border-color:var(--dark-border)!important;border-style:solid!important;border-width:0!important}@media (min-width:768px) and (max-width:1018px){.tdi_174{margin-bottom:20px!important}}@media (max-width:767px){.tdi_174{margin-bottom:40px!important}}@media (min-width:1019px) and (max-width:1140px){.tdi_174{margin-bottom:30px!important}}</style>
<style>.tdi_174 .entry-thumb{background-position:center 50%;background-image:none!important}.tdi_174 .td-image-container{display:none}body .tdi_174 .td-favorite{font-size:36px;box-shadow:1px 1px 4px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.2)}.tdi_174 .td-module-meta-info{padding:0px;border-color:#eaeaea}.tdi_174 .td_module_wrap{width:50%;float:left;padding-left:12px;padding-right:12px;padding-bottom:12px;margin-bottom:12px}.rtl .tdi_174 .td_module_wrap{float:right}.tdi_174 .td_block_inner{margin-left:-12px;margin-right:-12px}.tdi_174 .td-module-container:before{bottom:-12px;border-width:0 0 1px 0;border-style:solid;border-color:#eaeaea;border-color:var(--dark-border)}.tdi_174 .td-post-vid-time{display:block}.tdi_174 .td-post-category{margin:0px;padding:0px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0);color:var(--accent-color-1);border-width:0px;border-style:solid;border-color:#aaa;border-color:var(--accent-color-1);font-family:var(--global-font-1)!important;font-size:13px!important;line-height:1!important;font-weight:700!important}.tdi_174 .td-author-photo .avatar{width:20px;height:20px;margin-right:6px;border-radius:50%}.tdi_174 .td-excerpt{display:none;margin:0px;column-count:1;column-gap:48px}.tdi_174 .td-audio-player{opacity:1;visibility:visible;height:auto;font-size:13px}.tdi_174 .td-read-more{display:none}.tdi_174 .td-author-date{display:none}.tdi_174 .td-post-author-name{display:none}.tdi_174 .td-post-date,.tdi_174 .td-post-author-name span{display:none;color:var(--base-color-1)}.tdi_174 .entry-review-stars{display:none}.tdi_174 .td-icon-star,.tdi_174 .td-icon-star-empty,.tdi_174 .td-icon-star-half{font-size:15px}.tdi_174 .td-module-comments{display:none}.tdi_174 .td_module_wrap:nth-child(2n+1){clear:both}.tdi_174 .td_module_wrap:nth-last-child(-n+2){margin-bottom:0;padding-bottom:0}.tdi_174 .td_module_wrap:nth-last-child(-n+2) .td-module-container:before{display:none}.tdi_174 .td-post-category:hover{background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0)!important;color:var(--accent-color-2);border-color:var(--accent-color-2)}.tdi_174 .td-module-title a{color:var(--base-color-1);box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 0 #000}.tdi_174 .td_module_wrap:hover .td-module-title a{color:var(--accent-color-1)!important}.tdi_174.td_with_ajax_pagination .td-next-prev-wrap a,.tdi_174 .td-load-more-wrap a{color:#000000;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0);border-width:0px}.tdi_174 .td-load-more-wrap a .td-load-more-icon-svg svg,.tdi_174 .td-load-more-wrap a .td-load-more-icon-svg svg *,.tdi_174.td_with_ajax_pagination .td-next-prev-wrap .td-next-prev-icon-svg svg,.tdi_174.td_with_ajax_pagination .td-next-prev-wrap .td-next-prev-icon-svg svg *{fill:#000000}.tdi_174.td_with_ajax_pagination .td-next-prev-wrap a:hover,.tdi_174 .td-load-more-wrap a:hover{color:#309b65;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0)!important;border-color:rgba(255,255,255,0)!important}.tdi_174 .td-load-more-wrap a:hover .td-load-more-icon-svg svg,.tdi_174 .td-load-more-wrap a:hover .td-load-more-icon-svg svg *,.tdi_174.td_with_ajax_pagination .td-next-prev-wrap a:hover .td-next-prev-icon-svg svg,.tdi_174.td_with_ajax_pagination .td-next-prev-wrap a:hover .td-next-prev-icon-svg svg *{fill:#309b65}.tdi_174 .td-module-exclusive .td-module-title a:before{display:none;margin:-4px 5px 0 0;padding:4px 5px 3px;color:#ffffff;background-color:var(--accent-color-1);font-family:var(--global-font-2)!important;font-size:10px!important;line-height:1!important;font-weight:500!important;text-transform:uppercase!important;letter-spacing:0.5px!important}.tdi_174 .td-module-exclusive:hover .td-module-title a:before{color:#ffffff;background-color:var(--accent-color-2)}.tdi_174 .entry-title{margin:10px 0 0;font-family:var(--global-font-1)!important;font-size:14px!important;line-height:1.2!important;font-weight:500!important}.tdi_174.td_with_ajax_pagination .td-next-prev-wrap,.tdi_174 .td-load-more-wrap{margin-top:15px}.tdi_174.td_with_ajax_pagination .td-next-prev-wrap a,.tdi_174 .td-load-more-wrap a i{font-size:10px}.tdi_174 .td-load-more-wrap a .td-load-more-icon-svg svg,.tdi_174.td_with_ajax_pagination .td-next-prev-wrap .td-next-prev-icon-svg svg{width:10px;height:calc(10px + 1px)}.tdi_174 .td-block-title a,.tdi_174 .td-block-title span{font-family:var(--global-font-1)!important;font-size:18px!important;font-weight:700!important}.tdi_174 .td-subcat-list a,.tdi_174 .td-subcat-dropdown span,.tdi_174 .td-subcat-dropdown a{font-family:var(--global-font-2)!important;font-size:15px!important;line-height:1.2!important}.tdi_174 .td-editor-date,.tdi_174 .td-editor-date .td-post-author-name a,.tdi_174 .td-editor-date .entry-date,.tdi_174 .td-module-comments a{font-family:var(--global-font-1)!important;font-size:13px!important;line-height:1!important;font-weight:500!important;text-transform:capitalize!important}html:not([class*='ie']) .tdi_174 .td-module-container:hover .entry-thumb:before{opacity:0}@media (min-width:768px){.tdi_174 .td-module-title a{transition:all 0.2s ease;-webkit-transition:all 0.2s ease}}@media (min-width:1019px) and (max-width:1140px){.tdi_174 .td-image-container{display:none}.tdi_174 .td_module_wrap{padding-left:10px;padding-right:10px;padding-bottom:10px;margin-bottom:10px;clear:none!important;padding-bottom:10px!important;margin-bottom:10px!important}.tdi_174 .td_block_inner{margin-left:-10px;margin-right:-10px}.tdi_174 .td-module-container:before{bottom:-10px}.tdi_174 .td_module_wrap:nth-child(2n+1){clear:both!important}.tdi_174 .td_module_wrap:nth-last-child(-n+2){margin-bottom:0!important;padding-bottom:0!important}.tdi_174 .td_module_wrap .td-module-container:before{display:block!important}.tdi_174 .td_module_wrap:nth-last-child(-n+2) .td-module-container:before{display:none!important}.tdi_174 .td-module-title a{box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 0 #000}.tdi_174.td_with_ajax_pagination .td-next-prev-wrap,.tdi_174 .td-load-more-wrap{margin-top:10px}.tdi_174.td_with_ajax_pagination .td-next-prev-wrap a,.tdi_174 .td-load-more-wrap a i{font-size:8px}.tdi_174 .td-load-more-wrap a .td-load-more-icon-svg svg,.tdi_174.td_with_ajax_pagination .td-next-prev-wrap .td-next-prev-icon-svg svg{width:8px;height:calc(8px + 1px)}.tdi_174 .entry-title{font-size:12px!important}.tdi_174 .td-post-category{font-size:12px!important}.tdi_174 .td-editor-date,.tdi_174 .td-editor-date .td-post-author-name a,.tdi_174 .td-editor-date .entry-date,.tdi_174 .td-module-comments a{font-size:12px!important}@media (min-width:768px){.tdi_174 .td-module-title a{transition:all 0.2s ease;-webkit-transition:all 0.2s ease}}}@media (min-width:768px) and (max-width:1018px){.tdi_174 .td-image-container{display:none}.tdi_174 .td_module_wrap{width:100%;float:left;padding-left:8px;padding-right:8px;padding-bottom:7.5px;margin-bottom:7.5px;padding-bottom:7.5px!important;margin-bottom:7.5px!important}.rtl .tdi_174 .td_module_wrap{float:right}.tdi_174 .td_block_inner{margin-left:-8px;margin-right:-8px}.tdi_174 .td-module-container:before{bottom:-7.5px}.tdi_174 .td_module_wrap:nth-last-child(1){margin-bottom:0!important;padding-bottom:0!important}.tdi_174 .td_module_wrap .td-module-container:before{display:block!important}.tdi_174 .td_module_wrap:nth-last-child(1) .td-module-container:before{display:none!important}.tdi_174 .td-module-title a{box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 0 #000}.tdi_174 .entry-title{margin:5px 0 0 0;font-size:13px!important}.tdi_174.td_with_ajax_pagination .td-next-prev-wrap,.tdi_174 .td-load-more-wrap{margin-top:5px}.tdi_174.td_with_ajax_pagination .td-next-prev-wrap a,.tdi_174 .td-load-more-wrap a i{font-size:8px}.tdi_174 .td-load-more-wrap a .td-load-more-icon-svg svg,.tdi_174.td_with_ajax_pagination .td-next-prev-wrap .td-next-prev-icon-svg svg{width:8px;height:calc(8px + 1px)}.tdi_174 .td-block-title a,.tdi_174 .td-block-title span{font-size:16px!important}.tdi_174 .td-post-category{font-size:11px!important}.tdi_174 .td-editor-date,.tdi_174 .td-editor-date .td-post-author-name a,.tdi_174 .td-editor-date .entry-date,.tdi_174 .td-module-comments a{font-size:11px!important}@media (min-width:768px){.tdi_174 .td-module-title a{transition:all 0.2s ease;-webkit-transition:all 0.2s ease}}}@media (max-width:767px){.tdi_174 .td-image-wrap{padding-bottom:110%}.tdi_174 .td-image-container{flex:0 0 30%;width:30%;display:none}.ie10 .tdi_174 .td-image-container,.ie11 .tdi_174 .td-image-container{flex:0 0 auto}.tdi_174 .td_module_wrap{width:100%;float:left;padding-bottom:12px;margin-bottom:12px;padding-bottom:12px!important;margin-bottom:12px!important}.rtl .tdi_174 .td_module_wrap{float:right}.tdi_174 .td-module-container:before{bottom:-12px}.tdi_174 .td_module_wrap:nth-last-child(1){margin-bottom:0!important;padding-bottom:0!important}.tdi_174 .td_module_wrap .td-module-container:before{display:block!important}.tdi_174 .td_module_wrap:nth-last-child(1) .td-module-container:before{display:none!important}.tdi_174 .td-module-title a{box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 0 #000}@media (min-width:768px){.tdi_174 .td-module-title a{transition:all 0.2s ease;-webkit-transition:all 0.2s ease}}}</style><script>var block_tdi_174 = new tdBlock();
block_tdi_174.id = "tdi_174";
block_tdi_174.atts = '{"image_size":"","image_floated":"hidden","image_width":"eyJwaG9uZSI6IjMwIn0=","image_height":"eyJwaG9uZSI6IjExMCJ9","show_btn":"none","show_excerpt":"eyJwaG9uZSI6Im5vbmUiLCJhbGwiOiJub25lIn0=","show_com":"eyJwaG9uZSI6Im5vbmUiLCJhbGwiOiJub25lIn0=","show_author":"none","show_cat":"","f_title_font_size":"eyJhbGwiOiIxNCIsImxhbmRzY2FwZSI6IjEyIiwicG9ydHJhaXQiOiIxMyJ9","f_title_font_line_height":"1.2","f_title_font_weight":"500","all_modules_space":"eyJhbGwiOiIyNCIsImxhbmRzY2FwZSI6IjIwIiwicG9ydHJhaXQiOiIxNSJ9","show_date":"none","art_excerpt":"0","show_review":"none","tdc_css":"eyJhbGwiOnsibWFyZ2luLWJvdHRvbSI6IjQwIiwiYm9yZGVyLWNvbG9yIjoidmFyKC0tZGFyay1ib3JkZXIpIiwiZGlzcGxheSI6IiJ9LCJwb3J0cmFpdCI6eyJtYXJnaW4tYm90dG9tIjoiMjAiLCJkaXNwbGF5IjoiIn0sInBvcnRyYWl0X21heF93aWR0aCI6MTAxOCwicG9ydHJhaXRfbWluX3dpZHRoIjo3NjgsInBob25lIjp7Im1hcmdpbi1ib3R0b20iOiI0MCIsImRpc3BsYXkiOiIifSwicGhvbmVfbWF4X3dpZHRoIjo3NjcsImxhbmRzY2FwZSI6eyJtYXJnaW4tYm90dG9tIjoiMzAiLCJkaXNwbGF5IjoiIn0sImxhbmRzY2FwZV9tYXhfd2lkdGgiOjExNDAsImxhbmRzY2FwZV9taW5fd2lkdGgiOjEwMTl9","f_title_font_family":"global-font-1_global","mc1_el":"10","title_txt_hover":"var(--accent-color-1)","title_txt":"var(--base-color-1)","art_title":"eyJhbGwiOiIxMHB4IDAgMCIsInBvcnRyYWl0IjoiNXB4IDAgMCAwIn0=","f_meta_font_size":"eyJhbGwiOiIxMyIsImxhbmRzY2FwZSI6IjEyIiwicG9ydHJhaXQiOiIxMSJ9","f_meta_font_line_height":"1","f_meta_font_weight":"500","f_meta_font_family":"global-font-1_global","modules_cat_border":"0","modules_category_padding":"0","f_cat_font_family":"global-font-1_global","f_cat_font_transform":"","f_cat_font_size":"eyJhbGwiOiIxMyIsImxhbmRzY2FwZSI6IjEyIiwicG9ydHJhaXQiOiIxMSJ9","f_cat_font_weight":"700","f_cat_font_line_height":"1","cat_bg":"rgba(255,255,255,0)","cat_bg_hover":"rgba(255,255,255,0)","cat_txt":"var(--accent-color-1)","cat_txt_hover":"var(--accent-color-2)","modules_category_margin":"0","ajax_pagination":"","pag_border_width":"0","pag_space":"eyJhbGwiOiIxNSIsImxhbmRzY2FwZSI6IjEwIiwicG9ydHJhaXQiOiI1In0=","prev_tdicon":"td-icon-menu-left","next_tdicon":"td-icon-menu-right","pag_icons_size":"eyJhbGwiOiIxMCIsImxhbmRzY2FwZSI6IjgiLCJwb3J0cmFpdCI6IjgifQ==","pag_text":"#000000","pag_h_text":"#309b65","pag_bg":"rgba(255,255,255,0)","pag_h_bg":"rgba(255,255,255,0)","f_excl_font_family":"global-font-2_global","f_excl_font_transform":"uppercase","f_excl_font_size":"10","f_excl_font_weight":"500","f_excl_font_line_height":"1","f_excl_font_spacing":"0.5","excl_padd":"4px 5px 3px","excl_color":"#ffffff","excl_color_h":"#ffffff","excl_bg":"var(--accent-color-1)","excl_bg_h":"var(--accent-color-2)","excl_margin":"-4px 5px 0 0","excl_show":"none","date_txt":"var(--base-color-1)","f_title_font_transform":"","modules_category":"above","cat_border":"var(--accent-color-1)","cat_border_hover":"var(--accent-color-2)","modules_border_color":"","f_meta_font_transform":"capitalize","td_ajax_filter_type":"","block_template_id":"td_block_template_9","f_ajax_font_family":"global-font-2_global","f_ajax_font_size":"15","f_header_font_family":"global-font-1_global","f_header_font_weight":"700","f_ajax_font_line_height":"1.2","border_color":"var(--accent-color-1)","modules_divider":"solid","modules_divider_color":"var(--dark-border)","meta_padding":"0","custom_title":"Topics","category_id":"","sort":"","td_filter_default_txt":"","modules_on_row":"eyJhbGwiOiI1MCUiLCJwaG9uZSI6IjEwMCUiLCJwb3J0cmFpdCI6IjEwMCUifQ==","modules_gap":"eyJhbGwiOiIyNCIsInBvcnRyYWl0IjoiMTYiLCJsYW5kc2NhcGUiOiIyMCJ9","limit":"8","el_class":"td-cancel-border","header_text_color":"var(--base-color-1)","f_header_font_size":"eyJhbGwiOiIxOCIsInBvcnRyYWl0IjoiMTYifQ==","block_type":"td_flex_block_1","separator":"","custom_url":"","title_tag":"","mc1_tl":"","mc1_title_tag":"","post_ids":"-45046","taxonomies":"","category_ids":"","in_all_terms":"","tag_slug":"","autors_id":"","installed_post_types":"","include_cf_posts":"","exclude_cf_posts":"","popular_by_date":"","linked_posts":"","favourite_only":"","locked_only":"","offset":"","open_in_new_window":"","show_modified_date":"","time_ago":"","time_ago_add_txt":"ago","time_ago_txt_pos":"","review_source":"","td_query_cache":"","td_query_cache_expiration":"","td_ajax_filter_ids":"","td_ajax_preloading":"","container_width":"","m_padding":"","modules_border_size":"","modules_border_style":"","modules_border_radius":"","h_effect":"","image_alignment":"50","image_radius":"","hide_image":"","show_favourites":"","fav_size":"2","fav_space":"","fav_ico_color":"","fav_ico_color_h":"","fav_bg":"","fav_bg_h":"","fav_shadow_shadow_header":"","fav_shadow_shadow_title":"Shadow","fav_shadow_shadow_size":"","fav_shadow_shadow_offset_horizontal":"","fav_shadow_shadow_offset_vertical":"","fav_shadow_shadow_spread":"","fav_shadow_shadow_color":"","video_icon":"","video_popup":"yes","video_rec":"","spot_header":"","video_rec_title":"","video_rec_color":"","video_rec_disable":"","autoplay_vid":"yes","show_vid_t":"block","vid_t_margin":"","vid_t_padding":"","video_title_color":"","video_title_color_h":"","video_bg":"","video_overlay":"","vid_t_color":"","vid_t_bg_color":"","f_vid_title_font_header":"","f_vid_title_font_title":"Video pop-up article title","f_vid_title_font_settings":"","f_vid_title_font_family":"","f_vid_title_font_size":"","f_vid_title_font_line_height":"","f_vid_title_font_style":"","f_vid_title_font_weight":"","f_vid_title_font_transform":"","f_vid_title_font_spacing":"","f_vid_title_":"","f_vid_time_font_title":"Video duration text","f_vid_time_font_settings":"","f_vid_time_font_family":"","f_vid_time_font_size":"","f_vid_time_font_line_height":"","f_vid_time_font_style":"","f_vid_time_font_weight":"","f_vid_time_font_transform":"","f_vid_time_font_spacing":"","f_vid_time_":"","excl_txt":"","all_excl_border":"","all_excl_border_style":"solid","excl_radius":"","all_excl_border_color":"","excl_border_color_h":"","f_excl_font_header":"","f_excl_font_title":"Label text","f_excl_font_settings":"","f_excl_font_style":"","f_excl_":"","meta_info_align":"","meta_info_horiz":"layout-default","meta_width":"","meta_margin":"","meta_space":"","art_btn":"","meta_info_border_size":"","meta_info_border_style":"","meta_info_border_color":"#eaeaea","meta_info_border_radius":"","modules_category_radius":"0","modules_extra_cat":"","author_photo":"","author_photo_size":"","author_photo_space":"","author_photo_radius":"","review_space":"","review_size":"2.5","review_distance":"","excerpt_col":"1","excerpt_gap":"","excerpt_middle":"","excerpt_inline":"","show_audio":"block","hide_audio":"","art_audio":"","art_audio_size":"1.5","btn_title":"","btn_margin":"","btn_padding":"","btn_border_width":"","btn_radius":"","pag_padding":"","pag_border_radius":"","f_header_font_header":"","f_header_font_title":"Block header","f_header_font_settings":"","f_header_font_line_height":"","f_header_font_style":"","f_header_font_transform":"","f_header_font_spacing":"","f_header_":"","f_ajax_font_title":"Ajax categories","f_ajax_font_settings":"","f_ajax_font_style":"","f_ajax_font_weight":"","f_ajax_font_transform":"","f_ajax_font_spacing":"","f_ajax_":"","f_more_font_title":"Load more button","f_more_font_settings":"","f_more_font_family":"","f_more_font_size":"","f_more_font_line_height":"","f_more_font_style":"","f_more_font_weight":"","f_more_font_transform":"","f_more_font_spacing":"","f_more_":"","f_title_font_header":"","f_title_font_title":"Article title","f_title_font_settings":"","f_title_font_style":"","f_title_font_spacing":"","f_title_":"","f_cat_font_title":"Article category tag","f_cat_font_settings":"","f_cat_font_style":"","f_cat_font_spacing":"","f_cat_":"","f_meta_font_title":"Article meta info","f_meta_font_settings":"","f_meta_font_style":"","f_meta_font_spacing":"","f_meta_":"","f_ex_font_title":"Article excerpt","f_ex_font_settings":"","f_ex_font_family":"","f_ex_font_size":"","f_ex_font_line_height":"","f_ex_font_style":"","f_ex_font_weight":"","f_ex_font_transform":"","f_ex_font_spacing":"","f_ex_":"","f_btn_font_title":"Article read more button","f_btn_font_settings":"","f_btn_font_family":"","f_btn_font_size":"","f_btn_font_line_height":"","f_btn_font_style":"","f_btn_font_weight":"","f_btn_font_transform":"","f_btn_font_spacing":"","f_btn_":"","mix_color":"","mix_type":"","fe_brightness":"1","fe_contrast":"1","fe_saturate":"1","mix_color_h":"","mix_type_h":"","fe_brightness_h":"1","fe_contrast_h":"1","fe_saturate_h":"1","m_bg":"","color_overlay":"","shadow_shadow_header":"","shadow_shadow_title":"Module Shadow","shadow_shadow_size":"","shadow_shadow_offset_horizontal":"","shadow_shadow_offset_vertical":"","shadow_shadow_spread":"","shadow_shadow_color":"","all_underline_height":"","all_underline_color":"","meta_bg":"","author_txt":"","author_txt_hover":"","ex_txt":"","com_bg":"","com_txt":"","rev_txt":"","audio_btn_color":"","audio_time_color":"","audio_bar_color":"","audio_bar_curr_color":"","shadow_m_shadow_header":"","shadow_m_shadow_title":"Meta info shadow","shadow_m_shadow_size":"","shadow_m_shadow_offset_horizontal":"","shadow_m_shadow_offset_vertical":"","shadow_m_shadow_spread":"","shadow_m_shadow_color":"","btn_bg":"","btn_bg_hover":"","btn_txt":"","btn_txt_hover":"","btn_border":"","btn_border_hover":"","pag_border":"","pag_h_border":"","ajax_pagination_next_prev_swipe":"","ajax_pagination_infinite_stop":"","css":"","td_column_number":1,"header_color":"","color_preset":"","border_top":"","class":"tdi_174","tdc_css_class":"tdi_174","tdc_css_class_style":"tdi_174_rand_style"}';
block_tdi_174.td_column_number = "1";
block_tdi_174.block_type = "td_flex_block_1";
block_tdi_174.post_count = "8";
block_tdi_174.found_posts = "980";
block_tdi_174.header_color = "";
block_tdi_174.ajax_pagination_infinite_stop = "";
block_tdi_174.max_num_pages = "123";
tdBlocksArray.push(block_tdi_174);
</script><div class="td-block-title-wrap"><h4 class="td-block-title"><span class="td-pulldown-size">Topics</span></h4></div><div id=tdi_174 class="td_block_inner td-mc1-wrap">
<div class="td_module_flex td_module_flex_1 td_module_wrap td-animation-stack td-cpt-post">
<div class="td-module-container td-category-pos-above">
<div class="td-image-container">
<div class="td-module-thumb"><a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/decision-making-theories-in-organizations/" rel="bookmark" class="td-image-wrap " title="Decision-Making Theories in Organizations" ><span class="entry-thumb td-thumb-css" data-type="css_image" data-img-url="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Decision-Making-Theories-in-Organizations-696x392.webp" ></span></a></div> </div>
<div class="td-module-meta-info">
<a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/category/theory-of-organization/" class="td-post-category">Theory of Organization</a>
<h3 class="entry-title td-module-title"><a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/decision-making-theories-in-organizations/" rel="bookmark" title="Decision-Making Theories in Organizations">Decision-Making Theories in Organizations</a></h3>
<div class="td-editor-date">
<span class="td-author-date">
<span class="td-module-comments"><a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/decision-making-theories-in-organizations/#respond">0</a></span> </span>
</div>
<div class="td-excerpt">Reviews various decision-making theories in organizational contexts, from rational models to behavioral insights.</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="td_module_flex td_module_flex_1 td_module_wrap td-animation-stack td-cpt-post">
<div class="td-module-container td-category-pos-above">
<div class="td-image-container">
<div class="td-module-thumb"><a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/culture-and-organizational-theory/" rel="bookmark" class="td-image-wrap " title="Culture and Organizational Theory" ><span class="entry-thumb td-thumb-css" data-type="css_image" data-img-url="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Culture-and-Organizational-Theory-696x392.webp" ></span></a></div> </div>
<div class="td-module-meta-info">
<a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/category/theory-of-organization/" class="td-post-category">Theory of Organization</a>
<h3 class="entry-title td-module-title"><a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/culture-and-organizational-theory/" rel="bookmark" title="Culture and Organizational Theory">Culture and Organizational Theory</a></h3>
<div class="td-editor-date">
<span class="td-author-date">
<span class="td-module-comments"><a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/culture-and-organizational-theory/#respond">0</a></span> </span>
</div>
<div class="td-excerpt">Analyzes the impact of culture on organizational theory, highlighting the role of values, norms, and behaviors.</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="td_module_flex td_module_flex_1 td_module_wrap td-animation-stack td-cpt-post">
<div class="td-module-container td-category-pos-above">
<div class="td-image-container">
<div class="td-module-thumb"><a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/systems-theory-in-organizational-contexts/" rel="bookmark" class="td-image-wrap " title="Systems Theory in Organizational Contexts" ><span class="entry-thumb td-thumb-css" data-type="css_image" data-img-url="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Systems-Theory-in-Organizational-Contexts-696x392.webp" ></span></a></div> </div>
<div class="td-module-meta-info">
<a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/category/theory-of-organization/" class="td-post-category">Theory of Organization</a>
<h3 class="entry-title td-module-title"><a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/systems-theory-in-organizational-contexts/" rel="bookmark" title="Systems Theory in Organizational Contexts">Systems Theory in Organizational Contexts</a></h3>
<div class="td-editor-date">
<span class="td-author-date">
<span class="td-module-comments"><a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/systems-theory-in-organizational-contexts/#respond">0</a></span> </span>
</div>
<div class="td-excerpt">Explores the application of systems theory to organizational settings, focusing on feedback loops and interdependence.</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="td_module_flex td_module_flex_1 td_module_wrap td-animation-stack td-cpt-post">
<div class="td-module-container td-category-pos-above">
<div class="td-image-container">
<div class="td-module-thumb"><a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/organizational-structure-design-theoretical-perspectives/" rel="bookmark" class="td-image-wrap " title="Organizational Structure and Design: Theoretical Perspectives" ><span class="entry-thumb td-thumb-css" data-type="css_image" data-img-url="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Organizational-Structure-and-Design-Theoretical-Perspectives-696x392.webp" ></span></a></div> </div>
<div class="td-module-meta-info">
<a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/category/theory-of-organization/" class="td-post-category">Theory of Organization</a>
<h3 class="entry-title td-module-title"><a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/organizational-structure-design-theoretical-perspectives/" rel="bookmark" title="Organizational Structure and Design: Theoretical Perspectives">Organizational Structure and Design: Theoretical Perspectives</a></h3>
<div class="td-editor-date">
<span class="td-author-date">
<span class="td-module-comments"><a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/organizational-structure-design-theoretical-perspectives/#respond">0</a></span> </span>
</div>
<div class="td-excerpt">Examines different theoretical perspectives on organizational structure and design, emphasizing flexibility and adaptation.</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="td_module_flex td_module_flex_1 td_module_wrap td-animation-stack td-cpt-post">
<div class="td-module-container td-category-pos-above">
<div class="td-image-container">
<div class="td-module-thumb"><a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/role-of-leadership-in-organizational-theory/" rel="bookmark" class="td-image-wrap " title="The Role of Leadership in Organizational Theory" ><span class="entry-thumb td-thumb-css" data-type="css_image" data-img-url="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/The-Role-of-Leadership-in-Organizational-Theory-696x392.webp" ></span></a></div> </div>
<div class="td-module-meta-info">
<a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/category/theory-of-organization/" class="td-post-category">Theory of Organization</a>
<h3 class="entry-title td-module-title"><a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/role-of-leadership-in-organizational-theory/" rel="bookmark" title="The Role of Leadership in Organizational Theory">The Role of Leadership in Organizational Theory</a></h3>
<div class="td-editor-date">
<span class="td-author-date">
<span class="td-module-comments"><a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/role-of-leadership-in-organizational-theory/#respond">0</a></span> </span>
</div>
<div class="td-excerpt">Discusses how leadership shapes organizational theory and influences organizational success and culture.</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="td_module_flex td_module_flex_1 td_module_wrap td-animation-stack td-cpt-post">
<div class="td-module-container td-category-pos-above">
<div class="td-image-container">
<div class="td-module-thumb"><a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/comparing-classical-modern-organizational-theories/" rel="bookmark" class="td-image-wrap " title="Comparing Classical and Modern Organizational Theories" ><span class="entry-thumb td-thumb-css" data-type="css_image" data-img-url="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Comparing-Classical-and-Modern-Organizational-Theories-696x392.webp" ></span></a></div> </div>
<div class="td-module-meta-info">
<a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/category/theory-of-organization/" class="td-post-category">Theory of Organization</a>
<h3 class="entry-title td-module-title"><a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/comparing-classical-modern-organizational-theories/" rel="bookmark" title="Comparing Classical and Modern Organizational Theories">Comparing Classical and Modern Organizational Theories</a></h3>
<div class="td-editor-date">
<span class="td-author-date">
<span class="td-module-comments"><a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/comparing-classical-modern-organizational-theories/#respond">0</a></span> </span>
</div>
<div class="td-excerpt">Analyzing the differences and similarities between classical and contemporary theories of organization.</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="td_module_flex td_module_flex_1 td_module_wrap td-animation-stack td-cpt-post">
<div class="td-module-container td-category-pos-above">
<div class="td-image-container">
<div class="td-module-thumb"><a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/historical-evolution-of-organizational-theories/" rel="bookmark" class="td-image-wrap " title="Historical Evolution of Organizational Theories" ><span class="entry-thumb td-thumb-css" data-type="css_image" data-img-url="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Historical-Evolution-of-Organizational-Theories-696x392.webp" ></span></a></div> </div>
<div class="td-module-meta-info">
<a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/category/theory-of-organization/" class="td-post-category">Theory of Organization</a>
<h3 class="entry-title td-module-title"><a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/historical-evolution-of-organizational-theories/" rel="bookmark" title="Historical Evolution of Organizational Theories">Historical Evolution of Organizational Theories</a></h3>
<div class="td-editor-date">
<span class="td-author-date">
<span class="td-module-comments"><a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/historical-evolution-of-organizational-theories/#respond">0</a></span> </span>
</div>
<div class="td-excerpt">Tracing the development of organizational theories from early management practices to modern frameworks.</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="td_module_flex td_module_flex_1 td_module_wrap td-animation-stack td-cpt-post">
<div class="td-module-container td-category-pos-above">
<div class="td-image-container">
<div class="td-module-thumb"><a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/understanding-theory-of-organization/" rel="bookmark" class="td-image-wrap " title="Understanding the Theory of Organization" ><span class="entry-thumb td-thumb-css" data-type="css_image" data-img-url="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Understanding-the-Theory-of-Organization-696x392.webp" ></span></a></div> </div>
<div class="td-module-meta-info">
<a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/category/theory-of-organization/" class="td-post-category">Theory of Organization</a>
<h3 class="entry-title td-module-title"><a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/understanding-theory-of-organization/" rel="bookmark" title="Understanding the Theory of Organization">Understanding the Theory of Organization</a></h3>
<div class="td-editor-date">
<span class="td-author-date">
<span class="td-module-comments"><a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/understanding-theory-of-organization/#respond">0</a></span> </span>
</div>
<div class="td-excerpt">A comprehensive overview of the fundamental principles and frameworks that define the theory of organization.</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div></div><div class="vc_row_inner tdi_176 vc_row vc_inner wpb_row td-pb-row" >
<style scoped>.tdi_176{position:relative!important;top:0;transform:none;-webkit-transform:none}.tdi_176,.tdi_176 .tdc-inner-columns{display:block}.tdi_176 .tdc-inner-columns{width:100%}@media (max-width:767px){.tdi_176{margin-bottom:40px!important;width:100%!important}}</style><div class="vc_column_inner tdi_178 wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-inner-column td-pb-span12">
<style scoped>.tdi_178{vertical-align:baseline}.tdi_178 .vc_column-inner>.wpb_wrapper,.tdi_178 .vc_column-inner>.wpb_wrapper .tdc-elements{display:block}.tdi_178 .vc_column-inner>.wpb_wrapper .tdc-elements{width:100%}</style><div class="vc_column-inner"><div class="wpb_wrapper" ><div class="td_block_wrap td_flex_block_3 tdi_179 td-pb-border-top td-cancel-border td_block_template_8 td_flex_block" data-td-block-uid="tdi_179" >
<style>.td_block_template_8.widget>ul>li{margin-left:0!important}.td_block_template_8 .td-block-title{font-size:20px;font-weight:800;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:18px;line-height:29px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;text-align:left}.td_block_template_8 .td-block-title>*{position:relative;padding-right:20px;color:var(--td_text_header_color,#000)}.td_block_template_8 .td-block-title>*:before,.td_block_template_8 .td-block-title>*:after{content:'';display:block;height:4px;position:absolute;top:50%;margin-top:-2px;width:2000px;background-color:#f5f5f5}.td_block_template_8 .td-block-title>*:before{left:100%}.td_block_template_8 .td-block-title>*:after{right:100%}@media (max-width:767px){.td_block_template_8 .td-related-title a{font-size:15px}}.td_block_template_8 .td-related-title a:before{display:none}.td_block_template_8 .td-related-title a:first-child:after{display:none}.td_block_template_8 .td-related-title a:last-child:after{left:100%;right:auto}.td_block_template_8 .td-related-title .td-cur-simple-item{color:var(--td_theme_color,#4db2ec)}.tdi_179 .td-block-title>*{color:var(--base-color-1)!important}.tdi_179 .td-block-title>*:before,.tdi_179 .td-block-title>*:after{background-color:var(--accent-color-1)!important}.tdi_179 .td_module_wrap:hover .entry-title a,.tdi_179 .td-pulldown-filter-link:hover,.tdi_179 .td_quote_on_blocks,.tdi_179 .td-opacity-cat .td-post-category:hover,.tdi_179 .td-opacity-read .td-read-more a:hover,.tdi_179 .td-opacity-author .td-post-author-name a:hover,.tdi_179 .td-instagram-user a,.tdi_179 .td-pulldown-filter-item .td-cur-simple-item,.tdi_179 .td-pulldown-filter-link:hover,.tdi_179 .td-pulldown-filter-display-option:hover,.tdi_179 .td-pulldown-filter-display-option:hover i{color:var(--accent-color-1)!important}.tdi_179 .td-next-prev-wrap a:hover,.tdi_179 .td-load-more-wrap a:hover{background-color:var(--accent-color-1)!important;border-color:var(--accent-color-1)!important}.tdi_179 .td-read-more a,.tdi_179 .td-weather-information:before,.tdi_179 .td-weather-week:before,.tdi_179 .td-exchange-header:before,.td-footer-wrapper .tdi_179 .td-post-category,.tdi_179 .td-post-category:hover{background-color:var(--accent-color-1)!important}.tdi_179{margin-bottom:60px!important}@media (min-width:768px) and (max-width:1018px){.tdi_179{margin-bottom:30px!important}}@media (max-width:767px){.tdi_179{margin-bottom:0px!important}}@media (min-width:1019px) and (max-width:1140px){.tdi_179{margin-bottom:40px!important}}</style>
<style>.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_1{width:100%;float:left;padding-bottom:20px;margin-bottom:20px}.rtl .tdi_179 .td_module_flex_1{float:right}.tdi_179 .td_module_column{width:100%;float:left}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_3{width:100%;float:left;padding-bottom:15px;margin-bottom:15px}.tdi_179 .td_module_wrap{padding-left:24px;padding-right:24px}.tdi_179 .td_block_inner{margin-left:-24px;margin-right:-24px}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_1 .td-module-container:before{bottom:-20px;border-width:0 0 1px 0;border-style:solid;border-color:#eaeaea;border-color:#b1b4bc}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_3 .td-module-container:before{bottom:-15px;border-width:0 0 1px 0;border-style:solid;border-color:#eaeaea;border-color:var(--dark-border)}.tdi_179 .td_module_column:last-child .td_module_flex_3:last-child{margin-bottom:0!important;padding-bottom:0!important}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_3:last-child .td-module-container:before{display:none}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_3:nth-last-child(2){margin-bottom:15px!important;padding-bottom:15px!important}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_3:nth-last-child(2) .td-module-container:before{display:block}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_1 .td-module-container{border-color:#eaeaea;flex-direction:column}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_3 .td-module-container{border-color:#eaeaea;align-items:initial}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_1 .entry-thumb{background-position:center 50%}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_3 .entry-thumb{background-position:center 50%}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_3 .td-image-container{flex:0 0 30%;width:30%}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_1 .td-image-wrap{padding-bottom:70%}.ie10 .tdi_179 .td_module_flex_1 .td-image-container,.ie11 .tdi_179 .td_module_flex_1 .td-image-container{flex:0 0 auto}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_3 .td-video-play-ico{width:20px;height:20px;font-size:20px}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_1 .td-post-vid-time{display:block}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_3 .td-post-vid-time{display:block}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_1 .td-category-pos-image .td-post-category:not(.td-post-extra-category){top:auto;bottom:0}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_1 .td-module-meta-info{padding:20px 0 0 0}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_3 .td-module-meta-info{padding:0px}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_1 .entry-title{margin:0 0 10px 0;font-family:var(--global-font-1)!important;font-size:20px!important;line-height:1.3!important;font-weight:700!important}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_3 .entry-title{margin:0 0 10px;font-family:var(--global-font-1)!important;font-size:17px!important;line-height:1.3!important;font-weight:700!important}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_1 .td-audio-player{font-size:13px;opacity:1;visibility:visible;height:auto}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_3 .td-audio-player{font-size:12px;opacity:1;visibility:visible;height:auto}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_1 .td-post-category{margin:2px 5px 0 0;padding:0px;border:0px solid #aaa;font-family:var(--global-font-1)!important;font-size:13px!important;line-height:1.2!important;font-weight:600!important}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_3 .td-post-category{margin:2px 5px 0 0;padding:0px;border:0px solid #aaa;font-family:var(--global-font-1)!important;font-size:13px!important;line-height:1.2!important;font-weight:600!important}.tdi_179 .td_module_wrap .td-post-category{border-color:var(--accent-color-1)}.tdi_179 .td_module_wrap .td-post-category:hover{border-color:var(--accent-color-2)}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_1 .td-author-photo .avatar{width:20px;height:20px;margin-right:6px;border-radius:50%}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_3 .td-author-photo .avatar{width:20px;height:20px;margin-right:6px;border-radius:50%}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_1 .td-post-category:not(.td-post-extra-category){display:inline-block}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_3 .td-post-category:not(.td-post-extra-category){display:inline-block}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_1 .td-excerpt{display:none}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_1 .td-author-date{display:inline}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_3 .td-author-date{display:inline}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_1 .td-post-author-name{display:none}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_3 .td-post-author-name{display:none}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_1 .td-post-date,.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_1 .td-post-author-name span{display:inline-block}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_3 .td-post-date,.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_3 .td-post-author-name span{display:inline-block}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_1 .entry-review-stars{display:inline-block}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_1 .td-icon-star,.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_1 .td-icon-star-empty,.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_1 .td-icon-star-half{font-size:15px}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_3 .entry-review-stars{display:inline-block}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_3 .td-icon-star,.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_3 .td-icon-star-empty,.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_3 .td-icon-star-half{font-size:15px}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_1 .td-module-comments{display:none}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_3 .td-module-comments{display:none}.tdi_179.td_with_ajax_pagination .td-next-prev-wrap,.tdi_179 .td-load-more-wrap{margin-top:15px}.tdi_179.td_with_ajax_pagination .td-next-prev-wrap a,.tdi_179 .td-load-more-wrap a{border-width:0px;color:#000000;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0)}body .tdi_179 .td_module_flex_1 .td-favorite{font-size:36px;box-shadow:1px 1px 4px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.2)}body .tdi_179 .td_module_flex_3 .td-favorite{font-size:36px}.tdi_179 .td-post-category{background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0);color:var(--accent-color-1)}.tdi_179 .td-post-category:hover{background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0)!important;color:var(--accent-color-2)}.tdi_179 .td-module-title a{color:var(--base-color-1);box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 0 #000}.tdi_179 .td_module_wrap:hover .td-module-title a{color:var(--accent-color-1)!important}.tdi_179 .td-post-date,.tdi_179 .td-post-author-name span{color:var(--base-color-1)}.tdi_179 .td-load-more-wrap a .td-load-more-icon-svg svg,.tdi_179 .td-load-more-wrap a .td-load-more-icon-svg svg *,.tdi_179.td_with_ajax_pagination .td-next-prev-wrap .td-next-prev-icon-svg svg,.tdi_179.td_with_ajax_pagination .td-next-prev-wrap .td-next-prev-icon-svg svg *{fill:#000000}.tdi_179.td_with_ajax_pagination .td-next-prev-wrap a:hover,.tdi_179 .td-load-more-wrap a:hover{color:#309b65;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0)!important;border-color:rgba(255,255,255,0)!important}.tdi_179 .td-load-more-wrap a .td-load-more-icon-svg svg,.tdi_179 .td-load-more-wrap a .td-load-more-icon-svg svg *,.tdi_179.td_with_ajax_pagination .td-next-prev-wrap a:hover .td-next-prev-icon-svg svg,.tdi_179.td_with_ajax_pagination .td-next-prev-wrap a:hover .td-next-prev-icon-svg svg *{fill:#309b65}body .tdi_179 .td_module_flex_3 .td-favorite{box-shadow:1px 1px 4px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.2)}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_1.td-module-exclusive .td-module-title a:before{display:none}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_3.td-module-exclusive .td-module-title a:before{display:none}.tdi_179 .td-block-title a,.tdi_179 .td-block-title span{font-family:var(--global-font-1)!important;font-size:18px!important;line-height:1.2!important;font-weight:700!important}.tdi_179 .td-subcat-list a,.tdi_179 .td-subcat-dropdown span,.tdi_179 .td-subcat-dropdown a{font-family:var(--global-font-2)!important;font-size:13px!important;line-height:2!important}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_1 .td-editor-date,.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_1 .td-editor-date .td-post-author-name a,.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_1 .td-editor-date .entry-date,.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_1 .td-module-comments a{font-family:var(--global-font-1)!important;font-size:13px!important;line-height:1.2!important;font-weight:500!important;text-transform:capitalize!important}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_3 .td-editor-date,.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_3 .td-editor-date .td-post-author-name a,.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_3 .td-editor-date .entry-date,.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_3 .td-module-comments a{font-family:var(--global-font-1)!important;font-size:13px!important;line-height:1.2!important;font-weight:500!important;text-transform:capitalize!important}html:not([class*='ie']) .tdi_179 .td-module-container:hover .entry-thumb:before{opacity:0}@media (min-width:768px){.tdi_179 .td-module-title a{transition:all 0.2s ease;-webkit-transition:all 0.2s ease}}@media (min-width:1019px) and (max-width:1140px){.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_1 .entry-title{margin:0 0 8px;font-size:17px!important}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_3 .entry-title{margin:0 0 8px;font-size:15px!important}.tdi_179.td_with_ajax_pagination .td-next-prev-wrap,.tdi_179 .td-load-more-wrap{margin-top:10px}.tdi_179.td_with_ajax_pagination .td-next-prev-wrap a,.tdi_179 .td-load-more-wrap a i{font-size:8px}.tdi_179 .td-load-more-wrap a .td-load-more-icon-svg svg,.tdi_179.td_with_ajax_pagination .td-next-prev-wrap .td-next-prev-icon-svg svg{width:8px;height:calc(8px + 1px)}.tdi_179 .td-module-title a{box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 0 #000}@media (min-width:768px){.tdi_179 .td-module-title a{transition:all 0.2s ease;-webkit-transition:all 0.2s ease}}}@media (min-width:768px) and (max-width:1018px){.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_1{padding-bottom:10px;margin-bottom:10px}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_1 .td-module-container:before{bottom:-10px}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_3{padding-bottom:10px;margin-bottom:10px}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_3 .td-module-container:before{bottom:-10px}.tdi_179 .td_module_column:last-child .td_module_flex_3:last-child{margin-bottom:0!important;padding-bottom:0!important}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_3:last-child .td-module-container:before{display:none}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_3:nth-last-child(2){margin-bottom:10px!important;padding-bottom:10px!important}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_3:nth-last-child(2) .td-module-container:before{display:block}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_1 .td-module-meta-info{padding:15px 0 0 0}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_1 .entry-title{margin:0 0 10px;font-size:17px!important}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_3 .entry-title{margin:0 0 5px;font-size:12px!important}.tdi_179.td_with_ajax_pagination .td-next-prev-wrap,.tdi_179 .td-load-more-wrap{margin-top:5px}.tdi_179.td_with_ajax_pagination .td-next-prev-wrap a,.tdi_179 .td-load-more-wrap a i{font-size:8px}.tdi_179 .td-load-more-wrap a .td-load-more-icon-svg svg,.tdi_179.td_with_ajax_pagination .td-next-prev-wrap .td-next-prev-icon-svg svg{width:8px;height:calc(8px + 1px)}.tdi_179 .td-module-title a{box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 0 #000}.tdi_179 .td-block-title a,.tdi_179 .td-block-title span{font-size:15px!important}.tdi_179 .td-subcat-list a,.tdi_179 .td-subcat-dropdown span,.tdi_179 .td-subcat-dropdown a{font-size:11px!important}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_1 .td-post-category{font-size:11px!important}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_1 .td-editor-date,.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_1 .td-editor-date .td-post-author-name a,.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_1 .td-editor-date .entry-date,.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_1 .td-module-comments a{font-size:11px!important}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_3 .td-post-category{font-size:11px!important}.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_3 .td-editor-date,.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_3 .td-editor-date .td-post-author-name a,.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_3 .td-editor-date .entry-date,.tdi_179 .td_module_flex_3 .td-module-comments a{font-size:11px!important}@media (min-width:768px){.tdi_179 .td-module-title a{transition:all 0.2s ease;-webkit-transition:all 0.2s ease}}}@media (max-width:767px){.tdi_179 .td-module-title a{box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 0 #000}@media (min-width:768px){.tdi_179 .td-module-title a{transition:all 0.2s ease;-webkit-transition:all 0.2s ease}}}</style><script>var block_tdi_179 = new tdBlock();
block_tdi_179.id = "tdi_179";
block_tdi_179.atts = '{"modules_on_row":"","image_size":"","image_floated":"hidden","image_width":"eyJwaG9uZSI6IjMwIn0=","image_height":"eyJwaG9uZSI6IjExMCJ9","show_btn":"none","show_excerpt":"eyJwaG9uZSI6Im5vbmUiLCJhbGwiOiJub25lIn0=","show_com":"eyJwaG9uZSI6Im5vbmUiLCJhbGwiOiJub25lIn0=","show_author":"none","show_cat":"eyJwb3J0cmFpdCI6Im5vbmUifQ==","meta_padding":"0","f_title_font_size":"eyJhbGwiOiIxNyIsInBvcnRyYWl0IjoiMTciLCJsYW5kc2NhcGUiOiIxNyJ9","f_title_font_line_height":"1.2","f_title_font_weight":"800","all_modules_space":"eyJhbGwiOiIxMCIsImxhbmRzY2FwZSI6IjEwIiwicG9ydHJhaXQiOiI2In0=","category_id":"_related_cat","show_date":"eyJwb3J0cmFpdCI6Im5vbmUiLCJhbGwiOiJub25lIn0=","art_excerpt":"0","show_review":"none","tdc_css":"eyJhbGwiOnsibWFyZ2luLWJvdHRvbSI6IjYwIiwiZGlzcGxheSI6IiJ9LCJwb3J0cmFpdCI6eyJtYXJnaW4tYm90dG9tIjoiMzAiLCJkaXNwbGF5IjoiIn0sInBvcnRyYWl0X21heF93aWR0aCI6MTAxOCwicG9ydHJhaXRfbWluX3dpZHRoIjo3NjgsInBob25lIjp7Im1hcmdpbi1ib3R0b20iOiIwIiwiZGlzcGxheSI6IiJ9LCJwaG9uZV9tYXhfd2lkdGgiOjc2NywibGFuZHNjYXBlIjp7Im1hcmdpbi1ib3R0b20iOiI0MCIsImRpc3BsYXkiOiIifSwibGFuZHNjYXBlX21heF93aWR0aCI6MTE0MCwibGFuZHNjYXBlX21pbl93aWR0aCI6MTAxOX0=","f_title_font_family":"global-font-1_global","mc1_el":"10","title_txt_hover":"var(--accent-color-1)","title_txt":"var(--base-color-1)","art_title":"eyJhbGwiOiIxMHB4IDAgMCIsInBvcnRyYWl0IjoiNXB4IDAgMCAwIiwibGFuZHNjYXBlIjoiMCAwIDhweCJ9","modules_border_size":"0 0 1px 0","m_padding":"eyJhbGwiOiIwIDAgMTVweCIsImxhbmRzY2FwZSI6IjAgMCAxMnB4IiwicG9ydHJhaXQiOiIwIDAgOHB4In0=","modules_gap":"0","f_meta_font_size":"eyJhbGwiOiIxMyIsImxhbmRzY2FwZSI6IjEyIiwicG9ydHJhaXQiOiIxMSJ9","f_meta_font_line_height":"1","f_meta_font_weight":"500","f_meta_font_family":"global-font-1_global","modules_cat_border":"0","modules_category_padding":"0","f_cat_font_family":"global-font-1_global","f_cat_font_transform":"","f_cat_font_size":"eyJhbGwiOiIxNSIsInBvcnRyYWl0IjoiMTAiLCJsYW5kc2NhcGUiOiIxNCJ9","f_cat_font_weight":"700","f_cat_font_line_height":"1","cat_bg":"rgba(255,255,255,0)","cat_bg_hover":"rgba(255,255,255,0)","cat_txt":"var(--accent-color-1)","cat_txt_hover":"var(--accent-color-2)","modules_category_margin":"0","ajax_pagination":"","pag_space":"eyJhbGwiOiIxNSIsImxhbmRzY2FwZSI6IjEwIiwicG9ydHJhaXQiOiI1In0=","prev_tdicon":"td-icon-menu-left","pag_icons_size":"eyJsYW5kc2NhcGUiOiI4IiwicG9ydHJhaXQiOiI4In0=","pag_text":"#000000","pag_h_text":"#309b65","pag_bg":"rgba(255,255,255,0)","pag_h_bg":"rgba(255,255,255,0)","f_excl_font_family":"global-font-2_global","f_excl_font_transform":"uppercase","f_excl_font_size":"10","f_excl_font_weight":"500","f_excl_font_line_height":"1","f_excl_font_spacing":"0.5","excl_padd":"4px 5px 3px","excl_color":"#ffffff","excl_color_h":"#ffffff","excl_bg":"#309b65","excl_bg_h":"#4cb577","excl_margin":"-4px 5px 0 0","excl_show":"","date_txt":"var(--base-color-1)","f_title_font_transform":"","sort":"","modules_category":"","cat_border":"var(--accent-color-1)","cat_border_hover":"var(--accent-color-2)","modules_border_color":"#b1b4bc","f_meta_font_transform":"capitalize","el_class":"td-cancel-border","td_ajax_filter_type":"","td_filter_default_txt":"","custom_title":"Related Articles","block_template_id":"td_block_template_8","f_ajax_font_family":"global-font-2_global","f_ajax_font_size":"eyJhbGwiOiIxMyIsInBvcnRyYWl0IjoiMTEifQ==","f_header_font_family":"global-font-1_global","f_header_font_weight":"700","header_text_color":"var(--base-color-1)","f_ajax_font_line_height":"2","border_color":"var(--accent-color-1)","accent_text_color":"var(--accent-color-1)","hide_image2":"yes","show_author2":"none","show_com2":"none","art_title1":"eyJhbGwiOiIwIDAgMTBweCAwIiwicG9ydHJhaXQiOiIwIDAgMTBweCIsImxhbmRzY2FwZSI6IjAgMCA4cHgifQ==","art_title2":"eyJhbGwiOiIwIDAgMTBweCIsInBvcnRyYWl0IjoiMCAwIDVweCIsImxhbmRzY2FwZSI6IjAgMCA4cHgifQ==","f_title1_font_family":"global-font-1_global","f_title2_font_family":"global-font-1_global","f_title1_font_size":"eyJhbGwiOiIyMCIsImxhbmRzY2FwZSI6IjE3IiwicG9ydHJhaXQiOiIxNyJ9","f_title1_font_line_height":"1.3","f_title1_font_weight":"700","f_title2_font_weight":"700","f_title1_font_transform":"","f_title2_font_transform":"","modules_category2":"","modules_category_margin1":"2px 5px 0 0","modules_category_margin2":"2px 5px 0 0","modules_category_padding1":"0","modules_category_padding2":"0","modules_cat_border1":"0","modules_cat_border2":"0","f_cat1_font_family":"global-font-1_global","f_cat2_font_family":"global-font-1_global","f_cat1_font_size":"eyJhbGwiOiIxMyIsInBvcnRyYWl0IjoiMTEifQ==","f_cat2_font_size":"eyJhbGwiOiIxMyIsInBvcnRyYWl0IjoiMTEifQ==","f_cat1_font_line_height":"1.2","f_cat2_font_line_height":"1.2","f_cat1_font_weight":"600","f_cat2_font_weight":"600","f_cat1_font_transform":"","f_cat2_font_transform":"","f_meta1_font_family":"global-font-1_global","f_meta2_font_family":"global-font-1_global","f_meta1_font_size":"eyJhbGwiOiIxMyIsInBvcnRyYWl0IjoiMTEifQ==","f_meta1_font_line_height":"1.2","f_meta1_font_weight":"500","f_meta2_font_weight":"500","f_meta1_font_transform":"capitalize","f_meta2_font_transform":"capitalize","image_height1":"70","show_author1":"none","show_excerpt1":"none","modules_space1":"eyJhbGwiOiI0MCIsInBvcnRyYWl0IjoiMjAifQ==","pag_border_width":"0","meta_padding2":"0","modules_space2":"eyJhbGwiOiIzMCIsInBvcnRyYWl0IjoiMjAifQ==","f_meta2_font_size":"eyJhbGwiOiIxMyIsInBvcnRyYWl0IjoiMTEifQ==","f_meta2_font_line_height":"1.2","f_title2_font_size":"eyJhbGwiOiIxNyIsInBvcnRyYWl0IjoiMTIiLCJsYW5kc2NhcGUiOiIxNSJ9","f_title2_font_line_height":"1.3","modules_divider1":"solid","modules_divider_color1":"#b1b4bc","show_com1":"none","modules_divider2":"solid","modules_divider_color2":"var(--dark-border)","f_header_font_size":"eyJhbGwiOiIxOCIsInBvcnRyYWl0IjoiMTUifQ==","f_header_font_line_height":"1.2","meta_padding1":"eyJwb3J0cmFpdCI6IjE1cHggMCAwIDAiLCJhbGwiOiIyMHB4IDAgMCAwIn0=","excl_show_1":"none","excl_show_2":"none","block_type":"td_flex_block_3","separator":"","custom_url":"","title_tag":"","mc1_tl":"","mc1_title_tag":"","mc3_tl":"","mc3_title_tag":"","post_ids":"-45046","taxonomies":"","category_ids":"","in_all_terms":"","tag_slug":"","autors_id":"","installed_post_types":"","include_cf_posts":"","exclude_cf_posts":"","popular_by_date":"","linked_posts":"","favourite_only":"","locked_only":"","limit":"5","offset":"","open_in_new_window":"","show_modified_date":"","time_ago":"","time_ago_add_txt":"ago","time_ago_txt_pos":"","review_source":"","td_query_cache":"","td_query_cache_expiration":"","td_ajax_filter_ids":"","td_ajax_preloading":"","columns":"100%","columns_gap":"","h_effect":"","modules_border_size1":"","modules_border_style1":"","modules_border_color1":"#eaeaea","image_alignment1":"50","image_radius1":"","hide_image":"","show_favourites":"","fav_size":"2","fav_space":"","fav_ico_color":"","fav_ico_color_h":"","fav_bg":"","fav_bg_h":"","fav_shadow_shadow_header":"","fav_shadow_shadow_title":"Shadow","fav_shadow_shadow_size":"","fav_shadow_shadow_offset_horizontal":"","fav_shadow_shadow_offset_vertical":"","fav_shadow_shadow_spread":"","fav_shadow_shadow_color":"","video_icon1":"","video_popup":"yes","video_rec":"","spot_header":"","video_rec_title":"","video_rec_color":"","video_rec_disable":"","autoplay_vid":"yes","show_vid_t":"block","vid_t_margin":"","vid_t_padding":"","video_title_color":"","video_title_color_h":"","video_bg":"","video_overlay":"","vid_t_color":"","vid_t_bg_color":"","f_vid_title_font_header":"","f_vid_title_font_title":"Video pop-up article title","f_vid_title_font_settings":"","f_vid_title_font_family":"","f_vid_title_font_size":"","f_vid_title_font_line_height":"","f_vid_title_font_style":"","f_vid_title_font_weight":"","f_vid_title_font_transform":"","f_vid_title_font_spacing":"","f_vid_title_":"","f_vid_time_font_title":"Video duration text","f_vid_time_font_settings":"","f_vid_time_font_family":"","f_vid_time_font_size":"","f_vid_time_font_line_height":"","f_vid_time_font_style":"","f_vid_time_font_weight":"","f_vid_time_font_transform":"","f_vid_time_font_spacing":"","f_vid_time_":"","excl_txt_1":"","excl_margin_1":"","excl_padd_1":"","all_excl_border_1":"","all_excl_border_style_1":"solid","excl_radius_1":"","excl_color_1":"","excl_color_h_1":"","excl_bg_1":"","excl_bg_h_1":"","all_excl_border_color_1":"","excl_border_color_h_1":"","f_excl_1_font_header":"","f_excl_1_font_title":"Label text","f_excl_1_font_settings":"","f_excl_1_font_family":"","f_excl_1_font_size":"","f_excl_1_font_line_height":"","f_excl_1_font_style":"","f_excl_1_font_weight":"","f_excl_1_font_transform":"","f_excl_1_font_spacing":"","f_excl_1_":"","meta_info_align1":"","meta_info_horiz1":"content-horiz-left","meta_width1":"","meta_margin1":"","meta_info_border_radius1":"","modules_category_radius1":"0","show_cat1":"inline-block","modules_extra_cat1":"","author_photo":"","author_photo_size1":"","author_photo_space1":"","author_photo_radius1":"","show_date1":"inline-block","show_review1":"inline-block","review_space1":"","review_size1":"2.5","review_distance1":"","art_excerpt1":"","excerpt_middle":"","show_audio1":"block","hide_audio":"","art_audio1":"","art_audio_size1":"1.5","modules_border_size2":"","modules_border_style2":"","modules_border_color2":"#eaeaea","image_size2":"","image_alignment2":"50","image_width2":"","image_height2":"","image_radius2":"","show_favourites2":"","fav_size2":"2","fav_space2":"","fav_ico_color2":"","fav_ico_color_h2":"","fav_bg2":"","fav_bg_h2":"","fav_shadow2_shadow_header":"","fav_shadow2_shadow_title":"Shadow","fav_shadow2_shadow_size":"","fav_shadow2_shadow_offset_horizontal":"","fav_shadow2_shadow_offset_vertical":"","fav_shadow2_shadow_spread":"","fav_shadow2_shadow_color":"","video_icon2":"","video_popup2":"yes","video_rec2":"","video_rec_title2":"","video_rec_color2":"","autoplay_vid2":"yes","show_vid_t2":"block","vid_t_margin2":"","vid_t_padding2":"","excl_txt_2":"","excl_margin_2":"","excl_padd_2":"","all_excl_border_2":"","all_excl_border_style_2":"solid","excl_radius_2":"","excl_color_2":"","excl_color_h_2":"","excl_bg_2":"","excl_bg_h_2":"","all_excl_border_color_2":"","excl_border_color_h_2":"","f_excl_2_font_header":"","f_excl_2_font_title":"Label text","f_excl_2_font_settings":"","f_excl_2_font_family":"","f_excl_2_font_size":"","f_excl_2_font_line_height":"","f_excl_2_font_style":"","f_excl_2_font_weight":"","f_excl_2_font_transform":"","f_excl_2_font_spacing":"","f_excl_2_":"","meta_info_align2":"initial","meta_info_horiz2":"content-horiz-left","meta_width2":"","meta_margin2":"","meta_info_border_radius2":"","modules_category_radius2":"0","show_cat2":"inline-block","modules_extra_cat2":"","author_photo2":"","author_photo_size2":"","author_photo_space2":"","author_photo_radius2":"","show_date2":"inline-block","show_review2":"inline-block","review_space2":"","review_size2":"2.5","review_distance2":"","show_audio2":"block","hide_audio2":"","art_audio2":"","art_audio_size2":"1","pag_padding":"","pag_border_radius":"","next_tdicon":"","f_header_font_header":"","f_header_font_title":"Block header","f_header_font_settings":"","f_header_font_style":"","f_header_font_transform":"","f_header_font_spacing":"","f_header_":"","f_ajax_font_title":"Ajax categories","f_ajax_font_settings":"","f_ajax_font_style":"","f_ajax_font_weight":"","f_ajax_font_transform":"","f_ajax_font_spacing":"","f_ajax_":"","f_more_font_title":"Load more button","f_more_font_settings":"","f_more_font_family":"","f_more_font_size":"","f_more_font_line_height":"","f_more_font_style":"","f_more_font_weight":"","f_more_font_transform":"","f_more_font_spacing":"","f_more_":"","f_title1_font_header":"","f_title1_font_title":"Article title 1","f_title1_font_settings":"","f_title1_font_style":"","f_title1_font_spacing":"","f_title1_":"","f_cat1_font_title":"Article category tag 1","f_cat1_font_settings":"","f_cat1_font_style":"","f_cat1_font_spacing":"","f_cat1_":"","f_meta1_font_title":"Article meta info 1","f_meta1_font_settings":"","f_meta1_font_style":"","f_meta1_font_spacing":"","f_meta1_":"","f_ex1_font_title":"Article excerpt 1","f_ex1_font_settings":"","f_ex1_font_family":"","f_ex1_font_size":"","f_ex1_font_line_height":"","f_ex1_font_style":"","f_ex1_font_weight":"","f_ex1_font_transform":"","f_ex1_font_spacing":"","f_ex1_":"","f_title2_font_title":"Article title 2","f_title2_font_settings":"","f_title2_font_style":"","f_title2_font_spacing":"","f_title2_":"","f_cat2_font_title":"Article category tag 2","f_cat2_font_settings":"","f_cat2_font_style":"","f_cat2_font_spacing":"","f_cat2_":"","f_meta2_font_title":"Article meta info 2","f_meta2_font_settings":"","f_meta2_font_style":"","f_meta2_font_spacing":"","f_meta2_":"","mix_color":"","mix_type":"","fe_brightness":"1","fe_contrast":"1","fe_saturate":"1","mix_color_h":"","mix_type_h":"","fe_brightness_h":"1","fe_contrast_h":"1","fe_saturate_h":"1","shadow_shadow_header":"","shadow_shadow_title":"Module Shadow","shadow_shadow_size":"","shadow_shadow_offset_horizontal":"","shadow_shadow_offset_vertical":"","shadow_shadow_spread":"","shadow_shadow_color":"","meta_bg":"","all_underline_height1":"","all_underline_height2":"","all_underline_color":"#000","author_txt":"","author_txt_hover":"","ex_txt":"","com_bg":"","com_txt":"","rev_txt":"","audio_btn_color":"","audio_time_color":"","audio_bar_color":"","audio_bar_curr_color":"","pag_border":"","pag_h_border":"","btn_title":"","ajax_pagination_next_prev_swipe":"","ajax_pagination_infinite_stop":"","css":"","td_column_number":1,"header_color":"","color_preset":"","border_top":"","class":"tdi_179","tdc_css_class":"tdi_179","tdc_css_class_style":"tdi_179_rand_style","live_filter":"cur_post_same_categories","live_filter_cur_post_id":45046,"live_filter_cur_post_parent_id":0}';
block_tdi_179.td_column_number = "1";
block_tdi_179.block_type = "td_flex_block_3";
block_tdi_179.post_count = "5";
block_tdi_179.found_posts = "8";
block_tdi_179.header_color = "";
block_tdi_179.ajax_pagination_infinite_stop = "";
block_tdi_179.max_num_pages = "2";
tdBlocksArray.push(block_tdi_179);
</script><div class="td-block-title-wrap"><h4 class="td-block-title"><span>Related Articles</span></h4></div><div id=tdi_179 class="td_block_inner td-mc1-wrap">
<div class="td_module_flex td_module_flex_1 td_module_wrap td-animation-stack td-cpt-post">
<div class="td-module-container td-category-pos-">
<div class="td-image-container">
<div class="td-module-thumb"><a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/decision-making-theories-in-organizations/" rel="bookmark" class="td-image-wrap " title="Decision-Making Theories in Organizations" ><span class="entry-thumb td-thumb-css" data-type="css_image" data-img-url="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Decision-Making-Theories-in-Organizations-696x392.webp" ></span></a></div> </div>
<div class="td-module-meta-info">
<h3 class="entry-title td-module-title"><a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/decision-making-theories-in-organizations/" rel="bookmark" title="Decision-Making Theories in Organizations">Decision-Making Theories in Organizations</a></h3>
<div class="td-editor-date">
<a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/category/theory-of-organization/" class="td-post-category">Theory of Organization</a>
<span class="td-author-date">
<span class="td-post-date"><time class="entry-date updated td-module-date" datetime="2024-08-29T15:28:51+01:00" >August 29, 2024</time></span> </span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="td_module_column">
<div class="td_module_flex td_module_flex_3 td_module_wrap td-animation-stack td-cpt-post">
<div class="td-module-container td-category-pos-">
<div class="td-module-meta-info">
<h3 class="entry-title td-module-title"><a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/culture-and-organizational-theory/" rel="bookmark" title="Culture and Organizational Theory">Culture and Organizational Theory</a></h3>
<div class="td-editor-date">
<a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/category/theory-of-organization/" class="td-post-category">Theory of Organization</a>
<span class="td-author-date">
<span class="td-post-date"><time class="entry-date updated td-module-date" datetime="2024-08-29T15:25:56+01:00" >August 29, 2024</time></span> </span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="td_module_flex td_module_flex_3 td_module_wrap td-animation-stack td-cpt-post">
<div class="td-module-container td-category-pos-">
<div class="td-module-meta-info">
<h3 class="entry-title td-module-title"><a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/systems-theory-in-organizational-contexts/" rel="bookmark" title="Systems Theory in Organizational Contexts">Systems Theory in Organizational Contexts</a></h3>
<div class="td-editor-date">
<a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/category/theory-of-organization/" class="td-post-category">Theory of Organization</a>
<span class="td-author-date">
<span class="td-post-date"><time class="entry-date updated td-module-date" datetime="2024-08-29T15:23:13+01:00" >August 29, 2024</time></span> </span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="td_module_flex td_module_flex_3 td_module_wrap td-animation-stack td-cpt-post">
<div class="td-module-container td-category-pos-">
<div class="td-module-meta-info">
<h3 class="entry-title td-module-title"><a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/organizational-structure-design-theoretical-perspectives/" rel="bookmark" title="Organizational Structure and Design: Theoretical Perspectives">Organizational Structure and Design: Theoretical Perspectives</a></h3>
<div class="td-editor-date">
<a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/category/theory-of-organization/" class="td-post-category">Theory of Organization</a>
<span class="td-author-date">
<span class="td-post-date"><time class="entry-date updated td-module-date" datetime="2024-08-29T03:48:43+01:00" >August 29, 2024</time></span> </span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="td_module_flex td_module_flex_3 td_module_wrap td-animation-stack td-cpt-post">
<div class="td-module-container td-category-pos-">
<div class="td-module-meta-info">
<h3 class="entry-title td-module-title"><a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/role-of-leadership-in-organizational-theory/" rel="bookmark" title="The Role of Leadership in Organizational Theory">The Role of Leadership in Organizational Theory</a></h3>
<div class="td-editor-date">
<a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/category/theory-of-organization/" class="td-post-category">Theory of Organization</a>
<span class="td-author-date">
<span class="td-post-date"><time class="entry-date updated td-module-date" datetime="2024-08-29T02:48:46+01:00" >August 29, 2024</time></span> </span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div id="tdi_180" class="tdc-row stretch_row_1400 td-stretch-content"><div class="vc_row tdi_181 wpb_row td-pb-row tdc-element-style" >
<style scoped>.tdi_181,.tdi_181 .tdc-columns{min-height:0}#tdi_180.tdc-row[class*='stretch_row']>.td-pb-row>.td-element-style,#tdi_180.tdc-row[class*='stretch_row']>.td-pb-row>.tdc-video-outer-wrapper{width:100%!important}.tdi_181,.tdi_181 .tdc-columns{display:block}.tdi_181 .tdc-columns{width:100%}.tdi_181:before,.tdi_181:after{display:table}@media (min-width:1019px) and (max-width:1140px){@media (min-width:768px){.tdi_181{margin-left:-15px;margin-right:-15px}.tdi_181 .tdc-row-video-background-error,.tdi_181>.vc_column,.tdi_181>.tdc-columns>.vc_column{padding-left:15px;padding-right:15px}}}@media (min-width:768px) and (max-width:1018px){@media (min-width:768px){.tdi_181{margin-left:-10px;margin-right:-10px}.tdi_181 .tdc-row-video-background-error,.tdi_181>.vc_column,.tdi_181>.tdc-columns>.vc_column{padding-left:10px;padding-right:10px}}}.tdi_181{padding-right:64px!important;padding-bottom:60px!important;padding-left:64px!important;position:relative}.tdi_181 .td_block_wrap{text-align:left}@media (min-width:768px) and (max-width:1018px){.tdi_181{padding-right:0px!important;padding-bottom:40px!important;padding-left:0px!important}}@media (min-width:1019px) and (max-width:1140px){.tdi_181{padding-right:20px!important;padding-bottom:40px!important;padding-left:20px!important}}@media (max-width:767px){.tdi_181{margin-right:-10px!important;margin-left:-10px!important;padding-right:0px!important;padding-bottom:40px!important;padding-left:0px!important;width:auto!important}}</style>
<div class="tdi_180_rand_style td-element-style" ><style>.tdi_180_rand_style{background-color:#ffffff!important}</style></div><div class="vc_column tdi_183 wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span12">
<style scoped>.tdi_183{vertical-align:baseline}.tdi_183>.wpb_wrapper,.tdi_183>.wpb_wrapper>.tdc-elements{display:block}.tdi_183>.wpb_wrapper>.tdc-elements{width:100%}.tdi_183>.wpb_wrapper>.vc_row_inner{width:auto}.tdi_183>.wpb_wrapper{width:auto;height:auto}</style><div class="wpb_wrapper" ><div class="vc_row_inner tdi_185 vc_row vc_inner wpb_row td-pb-row" >
<style scoped>.tdi_185{position:relative!important;top:0;transform:none;-webkit-transform:none}.tdi_185,.tdi_185 .tdc-inner-columns{display:block}.tdi_185 .tdc-inner-columns{width:100%}@media (min-width:768px){.tdi_185{margin-left:-25px;margin-right:-25px}.tdi_185>.vc_column_inner,.tdi_185>.tdc-inner-columns>.vc_column_inner{padding-left:25px;padding-right:25px}}@media (min-width:1019px) and (max-width:1140px){@media (min-width:768px){.tdi_185{margin-left:-15px;margin-right:-15px}.tdi_185>.vc_column_inner,.tdi_185>.tdc-inner-columns>.vc_column_inner{padding-left:15px;padding-right:15px}}}@media (min-width:768px) and (max-width:1018px){@media (min-width:768px){.tdi_185{margin-left:-10px;margin-right:-10px}.tdi_185>.vc_column_inner,.tdi_185>.tdc-inner-columns>.vc_column_inner{padding-left:10px;padding-right:10px}}}.tdi_185{border-color:var(--accent-color-1)!important;border-style:solid!important;border-width:2px 0px 0px 0px!important}.tdi_185 .td_block_wrap{text-align:left}@media (max-width:767px){.tdi_185{width:100%!important}}</style><div class="vc_column_inner tdi_187 wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-inner-column td-pb-span12">
<style scoped>.tdi_187{vertical-align:baseline}.tdi_187 .vc_column-inner>.wpb_wrapper,.tdi_187 .vc_column-inner>.wpb_wrapper .tdc-elements{display:block}.tdi_187 .vc_column-inner>.wpb_wrapper .tdc-elements{width:100%}.tdi_187{padding-top:35px!important}@media (min-width:768px) and (max-width:1018px){.tdi_187{padding-top:20px!important;padding-right:10px!important;padding-left:10px!important}}@media (min-width:1019px) and (max-width:1140px){.tdi_187{padding-right:20px!important;padding-left:20px!important}}@media (max-width:767px){.tdi_187{padding-top:25px!important;padding-right:20px!important;padding-left:20px!important}}</style><div class="vc_column-inner"><div class="wpb_wrapper" ><div class="tdm_block td_block_wrap tdm_block_inline_text tdi_188 td-pb-border-top td_block_template_1" data-td-block-uid="tdi_188" >
<style>.tdi_188{margin-bottom:15px!important}</style>
<style>.tdi_188{text-align:center!important;margin-right:auto;margin-left:auto}.tdi_188 .tdm-descr{color:var(--base-color-1);font-family:var(--global-font-1)!important;font-size:17px!important;line-height:1.2!important;font-weight:700!important}@media (min-width:768px) and (max-width:1018px){.tdi_188 .tdm-descr{font-size:15px!important}}</style><p class="tdm-descr">Popular Categories</p></div><div class="td_block_wrap td_block_categories_tags tdi_189 td-pb-border-top td_block_template_1" data-td-block-uid="tdi_189" >
<style>.tdi_189{margin-bottom:60px!important}@media (max-width:767px){.tdi_189{margin-bottom:40px!important}}@media (min-width:768px) and (max-width:1018px){.tdi_189{margin-bottom:30px!important}}@media (min-width:1019px) and (max-width:1140px){.tdi_189{margin-bottom:40px!important}}</style>
<style>.td_block_categories_tags .td-ct-item{display:block;position:relative;padding:0 10px 0 12px;line-height:30px;color:#111;-webkit-transform:translateZ(0);transform:translateZ(0)}.td_block_categories_tags .td-ct-item:hover{color:var(--td_theme_color,#4db2ec)}.td_block_categories_tags .td-ct-item:before{content:'';display:block;position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;z-index:-1}.td_block_categories_tags .td-ct-item-name{line-height:30px}.td_block_categories_tags .td-ct-item-no{float:right;line-height:30px}.td_block_categories_tags .td-ct-item-sep{position:relative}.td_block_categories_tags .td-ct-item:last-of-type .td-ct-text-sep,.td_block_categories_tags .td-ct-item-sep:last-child{display:none}.td_block_categories_tags .td-ct-item-sep-svg{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center}.td_block_categories_tags .td-ct-item-sep-svg svg{height:auto}.tdi_189 .td-ct-item{display:inline-block;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:0;padding:0px}.tdi_189 .td-ct-item:last-child{margin-right:0}.tdi_189 .td-ct-wrap{text-align:center}.tdi_189 .td-ct-item:before{border-width:0px;border-style:solid;border-color:var(--dark-border)}.tdi_189 .td-ct-item-sep{font-size:16px;margin:0 20px;top:2px;color:var(--dark-border)}.tdi_189 .td-ct-item-name{color:var(--base-color-1);font-family:var(--global-font-1)!important;font-size:13px!important;font-weight:500!important;text-transform:uppercase!important}.tdi_189 .td-ct-item-no{color:var(--base-color-1);font-family:var(--global-font-1)!important;font-size:13px!important;font-weight:500!important;text-transform:uppercase!important}.tdi_189 .td-ct-item-sep svg,.tdi_189 .td-ct-item-sep svg *{fill:var(--dark-border)}.tdi_189 .td-ct-item:hover .td-ct-item-name{color:var(--accent-color-1)}@media (min-width:1019px) and (max-width:1140px){.tdi_189 .td-ct-item{padding:4px 0}.tdi_189 .td-ct-item-sep{margin:0 15px}}@media (min-width:768px) and (max-width:1018px){.tdi_189 .td-ct-item-sep{font-size:15px;margin:0 10px}.tdi_189 .td-ct-item-name{font-size:11px!important}.tdi_189 .td-ct-item-no{font-size:11px!important}}@media (max-width:767px){.tdi_189 .td-ct-item-sep{margin:0 5px}}</style><div class="td-block-title-wrap"></div><div class="td-ct-wrap"><a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/category/management-control/" class="td-ct-item"><span class="td-ct-item-name">Management control</span></a><i class="td-icon-vertical-line td-ct-item-sep"></i><a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/category/marketing/" class="td-ct-item"><span class="td-ct-item-name">Marketing</span></a><i class="td-icon-vertical-line td-ct-item-sep"></i><a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/category/economy/" class="td-ct-item"><span class="td-ct-item-name">Economy</span></a><i class="td-icon-vertical-line td-ct-item-sep"></i><a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/category/finance/" class="td-ct-item"><span class="td-ct-item-name">finance</span></a><i class="td-icon-vertical-line td-ct-item-sep"></i><a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/category/management/" class="td-ct-item"><span class="td-ct-item-name">Management</span></a><i class="td-icon-vertical-line td-ct-item-sep"></i><a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/category/project-management/" class="td-ct-item"><span class="td-ct-item-name">Project Management</span></a><i class="td-icon-vertical-line td-ct-item-sep"></i><a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/category/hrm/" class="td-ct-item"><span class="td-ct-item-name">HRM</span></a><i class="td-icon-vertical-line td-ct-item-sep"></i></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="vc_row_inner tdi_191 vc_row vc_inner wpb_row td-pb-row" >
<style scoped>.tdi_191{position:relative!important;top:0;transform:none;-webkit-transform:none}.tdi_191,.tdi_191 .tdc-inner-columns{display:block}.tdi_191 .tdc-inner-columns{width:100%}.tdi_191{margin-bottom:60px!important}.tdi_191 .td_block_wrap{text-align:left}@media (min-width:1019px) and (max-width:1140px){.tdi_191{margin-bottom:50px!important}}@media (min-width:768px) and (max-width:1018px){.tdi_191{margin-bottom:40px!important}}@media (max-width:767px){.tdi_191{margin-bottom:40px!important;width:100%!important}}</style><div class="vc_column_inner tdi_193 wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-inner-column td-pb-span12">
<style scoped>.tdi_193{vertical-align:baseline}.tdi_193 .vc_column-inner>.wpb_wrapper,.tdi_193 .vc_column-inner>.wpb_wrapper .tdc-elements{display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:nowrap;justify-content:center;align-items:flex-start}.tdi_193 .vc_column-inner>.wpb_wrapper .tdc-elements{width:100%}.tdi_193 .vc_column-inner,.tdi_193 .vc_column-inner>.wpb_wrapper{width:100%;height:100%}</style><div class="vc_column-inner"><div class="wpb_wrapper" ></div></div></div></div><div class="td_block_wrap tdb_single_next_prev tdi_194 td-animation-stack td-next-prev-img-on td-pb-border-top td_block_template_1" data-td-block-uid="tdi_194" >
<style>.tdi_194{margin-bottom:0px!important}@media (max-width:767px){.tdi_194{margin-right:1px!important;margin-left:1px!important}}</style>
<style>.tdb_single_next_prev{*zoom:1}.tdb_single_next_prev:before,.tdb_single_next_prev:after{display:table;content:'';line-height:0}.tdb_single_next_prev:after{clear:both}.tdb-next-post{font-family:var(--td_default_google_font_2,'Roboto',sans-serif);width:48%;float:left;transform:translateZ(0);-webkit-transform:translateZ(0);min-height:1px;line-height:1}.tdb-next-post span{display:block;font-size:12px;color:#747474;margin-bottom:7px}.tdb-next-post a{font-size:15px;color:#222;line-height:21px;-webkit-transition:color 0.2s ease;transition:color 0.2s ease}.tdb-next-post a:hover{color:var(--td_theme_color,#4db2ec)}.tdb-post-next{margin-left:2%;text-align:right}.tdb-post-prev{margin-right:2%}.tdb-post-next .td-image-container{display:inline-block}.tdi_194.td-next-prev-img-on .next-prev-title{margin:15px 0 0}.tdi_194 .td-module-container{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.tdi_194 .tdb-post-next .td-module-container{align-items:flex-end}.tdi_194 .td-image-container{display:block;order:0}.ie10 .tdi_194 .next-prev-title,.ie11 .tdi_194 .next-prev-title{flex:auto}.tdi_194 .tdb-next-post{padding:20px 30px 35px;text-align:center}.tdi_194 .tdb-next-post .td-next-prev-image{display:initial}.tdi_194 .next-prev-title{display:flex;align-self:center}.tdi_194 .tdb-next-post-bg{background-color:var(--light-red)}.tdi_194 .tdb-next-post a{color:var(--base-color-1);font-family:var(--global-font-1)!important;font-size:24px!important;line-height:1.2!important;font-weight:700!important}.tdi_194 .tdb-next-post:hover a{color:var(--accent-color-1)}.tdi_194 .tdb-next-post span{color:var(--accent-color-1);font-family:var(--global-font-2)!important;font-size:16px!important;line-height:3!important;font-weight:500!important;text-transform:uppercase!important}.tdi_194 .td-module-title a{box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 0 #000}@media (min-width:768px){.tdi_194 .td-module-title a{transition:all 0.2s ease;-webkit-transition:all 0.2s ease}}@media (min-width:1019px) and (max-width:1140px){.tdi_194 .td-module-title a{box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 0 #000}.tdi_194 .tdb-next-post a{font-size:18px!important}.tdi_194 .tdb-next-post span{font-size:15px!important}@media (min-width:768px){.tdi_194 .td-module-title a{transition:all 0.2s ease;-webkit-transition:all 0.2s ease}}}@media (min-width:768px) and (max-width:1018px){.tdi_194.td-next-prev-img-on .next-prev-title{margin:10px 0 0}.tdi_194 .tdb-next-post{padding:5px 10px 18px}.tdi_194 .td-module-title a{box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 0 #000}.tdi_194 .tdb-next-post a{font-size:16px!important}.tdi_194 .tdb-next-post span{font-size:14px!important;line-height:2.2!important}@media (min-width:768px){.tdi_194 .td-module-title a{transition:all 0.2s ease;-webkit-transition:all 0.2s ease}}}@media (max-width:767px){.tdi_194.td-next-prev-img-on .next-prev-title{margin:10px 0 0}.tdi_194 .tdb-next-post{padding:10px}.tdi_194 .td-module-title a{box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 0 #000}.tdi_194 .tdb-next-post a{font-size:13px!important}.tdi_194 .tdb-next-post span{font-size:13px!important}@media (min-width:768px){.tdi_194 .td-module-title a{transition:all 0.2s ease;-webkit-transition:all 0.2s ease}}}</style><div class="tdb-block-inner td-fix-index"><div class="tdb-next-post tdb-next-post-bg tdb-post-prev"><span>Article précédent</span><div class="td-module-container"><div class="td-image-container"><a class="td-image-wrap" href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/understanding-theory-of-organization/"><img class="td-next-prev-image td-fix-index td-lazy-img" data-type="image_tag" data-img-url="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Understanding-the-Theory-of-Organization-1068x601.webp" title="Understanding the Theory of Organization" width="1068" height="601"></a></div><div class="next-prev-title"><a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/understanding-theory-of-organization/">Understanding the Theory of Organization</a></div></div></div><div class="tdb-next-post tdb-next-post-bg tdb-post-next"><span>Article suivant</span><div class="td-module-container"><div class="td-image-container"><a class="td-image-wrap" href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/historical-evolution-of-organizational-theories/"><img class="td-next-prev-image td-fix-index td-lazy-img" data-type="image_tag" data-img-url="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Historical-Evolution-of-Organizational-Theories-1068x601.webp" title="Historical Evolution of Organizational Theories" width="1068" height="601"></a></div><div class="next-prev-title"><a href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/historical-evolution-of-organizational-theories/">Historical Evolution of Organizational Theories</a></div></div></div></div></div><div class="td_block_wrap td_block_raw_css tdi_195 td-pb-border-top td_block_template_1" data-td-block-uid="tdi_195" ><div id=tdi_195 class="td_block_inner td-fix-index"><style>.td-numbered-post-flex .td_block_inner {
counter-reset: section;
}
.td-numbered-post-flex .td_block_inner .td_module_flex_1::before {
counter-increment: section;
content: counter(section);
color: #d2dae1;
border-radius: 50%;
font-family: PT Serif, Serif;
font-size: 42px;
line-height: 1;
display: inline-flex;
position: absolute;
right: 0;
bottom: 10px;
}
.td-hero-block.td_with_ajax_pagination .td-next-prev-wrap {
position: absolute;
right: 0;
top: 62%;
padding-right: 25px;
}
@media (min-width: 1019px) and (max-width: 1140px) {
.td-hero-block.td_with_ajax_pagination .td-next-prev-wrap {
top: 52%;
padding-right: 20px;
}
}
@media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1018px) {
.td-numbered-post-flex .td_block_inner .td_module_flex_1::before {
font-size: 30px;
}
.td-hero-block.td_with_ajax_pagination .td-next-prev-wrap {
top: 50%;
padding-right: 15px;
}
}
@media (max-width: 767px) {
.td-hero-block.td_with_ajax_pagination .td-next-prev-wrap {
top: 38%;
padding-right: 15px;
}
}
.td-cancel-border .td_module_flex_1:last-child .td-module-container {
border-width: 0 !important;
}
.td-cancel-border-4 .td_module_flex_1:nth-child(2n) .td-module-container {
border-width: 0 !important;
}
.td-line-on-title .tdm-title-line {
left: 6px;
}
.td-image-padding .td_module_flex_3 .td-module-container {
padding-left: 15px;
}
.td_block_template_8 .td-block-title-wrap .td-block-title {
margin-bottom: 20px;
}
.td_block_template_8 .td-block-title > *:before,
.td_block_template_8 .td-block-title > *:after {
height: 2px !important;
top: 62% !important;
}
.td_block_template_8 .td-block-title-wrap .td-wrapper-pulldown-filter .td-pulldown-filter-display-option {
line-height: 38px;
}
@media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1018px) {
.td_block_template_8 .td-block-title-wrap .td-wrapper-pulldown-filter .td-pulldown-filter-display-option {
line-height: 34px;
}
}
@media (max-width: 767px) {
.td_block_template_8 .td-block-title-wrap .td-wrapper-pulldown-filter .td-pulldown-filter-display-option {
line-height: 32px;
}
}
.td_block_template_9 .td-block-title-wrap .td-block-title:before {
background-color: var(--accent-color-1);
}
</style></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div> <span class="td-page-meta" itemprop="author" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><meta itemprop="name" content="Author"><meta itemprop="url" content="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/author/author/"></span><meta itemprop="datePublished" content="2024-08-28T23:48:43+01:00"><meta itemprop="dateModified" content="2024-08-28T23:48:43+01:00"><meta itemscope itemprop="mainEntityOfPage" itemType="https://schema.org/WebPage" itemid="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/key-components-of-organizational-theory/"/><span class="td-page-meta" itemprop="publisher" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Organization"><span class="td-page-meta" itemprop="logo" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageObject"><meta itemprop="url" content="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/economy-manaqgement-academy-300x104.png"></span><meta itemprop="name" content="Economics and Management Academy"></span><meta itemprop="headline" content="Key Components of Organizational Theory"><span class="td-page-meta" itemprop="image" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageObject"><meta itemprop="url" content="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Key-Components-of-Organizational-Theory.Webp"><meta itemprop="width" content="1200"><meta itemprop="height" content="675"></span> </article>
</div>
</div>
</div> <!-- #tdb-autoload-article -->
<div class="td-footer-template-wrap" style="position: relative">
<div class="td-footer-wrap ">
<div id="tdi_196" class="tdc-zone"><div class="tdc_zone tdi_197 wpb_row td-pb-row tdc-element-style" >
<style scoped>.tdi_197{min-height:0}.tdi_197>.td-element-style:after{content:''!important;width:100%!important;height:100%!important;position:absolute!important;top:0!important;left:0!important;z-index:0!important;display:block!important;background-color:var(--base-color-1)!important}</style>
<div class="tdi_196_rand_style td-element-style" ></div><div id="tdi_198" class="tdc-row stretch_row_1400 td-stretch-content"><div class="vc_row tdi_199 wpb_row td-pb-row tdc-element-style" >
<style scoped>.tdi_199,.tdi_199 .tdc-columns{min-height:0}#tdi_198.tdc-row[class*='stretch_row']>.td-pb-row>.td-element-style,#tdi_198.tdc-row[class*='stretch_row']>.td-pb-row>.tdc-video-outer-wrapper{width:100%!important}.tdi_199,.tdi_199 .tdc-columns{display:block}.tdi_199 .tdc-columns{width:100%}.tdi_199:before,.tdi_199:after{display:table}@media (min-width:1019px) and (max-width:1140px){@media (min-width:768px){.tdi_199{margin-left:-15px;margin-right:-15px}.tdi_199 .tdc-row-video-background-error,.tdi_199>.vc_column,.tdi_199>.tdc-columns>.vc_column{padding-left:15px;padding-right:15px}}}@media (min-width:768px) and (max-width:1018px){@media (min-width:768px){.tdi_199{margin-left:-10px;margin-right:-10px}.tdi_199 .tdc-row-video-background-error,.tdi_199>.vc_column,.tdi_199>.tdc-columns>.vc_column{padding-left:10px;padding-right:10px}}}.tdi_199{padding-top:10px!important;padding-bottom:10px!important;position:relative}.tdi_199 .td_block_wrap{text-align:left}@media (min-width:768px) and (max-width:1018px){.tdi_199{padding-top:6px!important;padding-bottom:6px!important}}@media (min-width:1019px) and (max-width:1140px){.tdi_199{margin-right:-5px!important;margin-left:-5px!important;padding-top:6px!important;padding-bottom:6px!important}}@media (max-width:767px){.tdi_199{margin-right:-10px!important;margin-left:-10px!important;padding-top:20px!important;padding-right:0px!important;padding-bottom:5px!important;padding-left:0px!important;width:auto!important}}</style>
<div class="tdi_198_rand_style td-element-style" ><div class="td-element-style-before"><style>.tdi_198_rand_style>.td-element-style-before{content:''!important;width:100%!important;height:100%!important;position:absolute!important;top:0!important;left:0!important;display:block!important;z-index:0!important;border-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.25)!important;border-style:solid!important;border-width:1px 0px 0px 0px!important}</style></div></div><div class="vc_column tdi_201 wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span12">
<style scoped>.tdi_201{vertical-align:baseline}.tdi_201>.wpb_wrapper,.tdi_201>.wpb_wrapper>.tdc-elements{display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:nowrap;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center}.tdi_201>.wpb_wrapper>.tdc-elements{width:100%}.tdi_201>.wpb_wrapper>.vc_row_inner{width:auto}.tdi_201>.wpb_wrapper{width:100%;height:100%}@media (max-width:767px){.tdi_201>.wpb_wrapper,.tdi_201>.wpb_wrapper>.tdc-elements{flex-direction:column;justify-content:space-evenly}}</style><div class="wpb_wrapper" ><div class="tdm_block td_block_wrap tdm_block_inline_text tdi_202 td-pb-border-top td_block_template_1" data-td-block-uid="tdi_202" >
<style>.tdi_202{text-align:left!important}.tdi_202 .tdm-descr{color:#ffffff;font-family:var(--global-font-1)!important;font-size:13px!important;line-height:1.4!important;font-weight:300!important}@media (min-width:1019px) and (max-width:1140px){.tdi_202 .tdm-descr{font-size:14px!important}}</style><p class="tdm-descr">© Newspaper WordPress Theme by TagDiv</p></div><div class="tdm_block td_block_wrap tdm_block_socials tdi_203 tdm-content-horiz-left td-pb-border-top td_block_template_1" data-td-block-uid="tdi_203" >
<style>.tdi_203{margin-right:-10px!important;padding-top:5px!important}@media (min-width:768px) and (max-width:1018px){.tdi_203{padding-top:2px!important}}@media (max-width:767px){.tdi_203{margin-right:0px!important;padding-top:0px!important}}</style>
<style>.tdi_204 .tdm-social-item i{font-size:15px;vertical-align:middle;line-height:37.5px}.tdi_204 .tdm-social-item i.td-icon-linkedin,.tdi_204 .tdm-social-item i.td-icon-pinterest,.tdi_204 .tdm-social-item i.td-icon-blogger,.tdi_204 .tdm-social-item i.td-icon-vimeo{font-size:12px}.tdi_204 .tdm-social-item{width:37.5px;height:37.5px;margin:5px 10px 5px 0;background:rgba(255,255,255,0)}.tdi_204 .tdm-social-item-wrap:last-child .tdm-social-item{margin-right:0!important}.tdi_204 .tdm-social-item i,.tds-team-member2 .tdi_204.tds-social4 .tdm-social-item i{color:#ffffff}.tdi_204 .tdm-social-item-wrap:hover i,body .tds-team-member2 .tdi_204.tds-social4 .tdm-social-item-wrap:hover i{color:var(--accent-color-1)}.tdi_204 .tdm-social-item-wrap:hover .tdm-social-item{background:rgba(255,255,255,0)}body .tdi_204 .tdm-social-item{border:0px solid #ededed}body .tdi_204 .tdm-social-item-wrap:hover .tdm-social-item{border-color:#c3c3c3}.tdi_204 .tdm-social-text{display:none;margin-left:2px;margin-right:18px}@media (min-width:1019px) and (max-width:1140px){.tdi_204 .tdm-social-item i{font-size:13px;vertical-align:middle;line-height:32.5px}.tdi_204 .tdm-social-item i.td-icon-linkedin,.tdi_204 .tdm-social-item i.td-icon-pinterest,.tdi_204 .tdm-social-item i.td-icon-blogger,.tdi_204 .tdm-social-item i.td-icon-vimeo{font-size:10.4px}.tdi_204 .tdm-social-item{width:32.5px;height:32.5px}body .tdi_204 .tdm-social-item{border:0px solid #ededed}}@media (min-width:768px) and (max-width:1018px){.tdi_204 .tdm-social-item i{font-size:11px;vertical-align:middle;line-height:27.5px}.tdi_204 .tdm-social-item i.td-icon-linkedin,.tdi_204 .tdm-social-item i.td-icon-pinterest,.tdi_204 .tdm-social-item i.td-icon-blogger,.tdi_204 .tdm-social-item i.td-icon-vimeo{font-size:8.8px}.tdi_204 .tdm-social-item{width:27.5px;height:27.5px;margin:2.5px 5px 2.5px 0}body .tdi_204 .tdm-social-item{border:0px solid #ededed}}@media (max-width:767px){body .tdi_204 .tdm-social-item{border:0px solid #ededed}}</style><div class="tdm-social-wrapper tds-social4 tdi_204"><div class="tdm-social-item-wrap"><a href="#" title="Facebook" class="tdm-social-item"><i class="td-icon-font td-icon-facebook"></i><span style="display: none">Facebook</span></a></div><div class="tdm-social-item-wrap"><a href="#" title="Instagram" class="tdm-social-item"><i class="td-icon-font td-icon-instagram"></i><span style="display: none">Instagram</span></a></div><div class="tdm-social-item-wrap"><a href="#" title="TikTok" class="tdm-social-item"><i class="td-icon-font td-icon-tiktok"></i><span style="display: none">TikTok</span></a></div><div class="tdm-social-item-wrap"><a href="#" title="Twitch" class="tdm-social-item"><i class="td-icon-font td-icon-twitch"></i><span style="display: none">Twitch</span></a></div><div class="tdm-social-item-wrap"><a href="#" title="Twitter" class="tdm-social-item"><i class="td-icon-font td-icon-twitter"></i><span style="display: none">Twitter</span></a></div><div class="tdm-social-item-wrap"><a href="#" title="WhatsApp" class="tdm-social-item"><i class="td-icon-font td-icon-whatsapp"></i><span style="display: none">WhatsApp</span></a></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div> </div>
</div>
</div><!--close td-outer-wrap-->
<!--
Theme: Newspaper by tagDiv.com 2024
Version: 12.6.7 (rara)
Deploy mode: deploy
uid: 670f084a3b439
-->
<div id="amp-mobile-version-switcher" hidden>
<a rel="" href="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/key-components-of-organizational-theory/?amp=1">
Go to mobile version </a>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript" id="ez-toc-scroll-scriptjs-js-extra">
/* <![CDATA[ */
var eztoc_smooth_local = {"scroll_offset":"30","add_request_uri":""};
/* ]]> */
</script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/wp-content/plugins/easy-table-of-contents/assets/js/smooth_scroll.min.js?ver=2.0.69" id="ez-toc-scroll-scriptjs-js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/wp-content/plugins/easy-table-of-contents/vendor/js-cookie/js.cookie.min.js?ver=2.2.1" id="ez-toc-js-cookie-js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/wp-content/plugins/easy-table-of-contents/vendor/sticky-kit/jquery.sticky-kit.min.js?ver=1.9.2" id="ez-toc-jquery-sticky-kit-js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" id="ez-toc-js-js-extra">
/* <![CDATA[ */
var ezTOC = {"smooth_scroll":"1","scroll_offset":"30","fallbackIcon":"<span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span>","chamomile_theme_is_on":""};
/* ]]> */
</script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/wp-content/plugins/easy-table-of-contents/assets/js/front.min.js?ver=2.0.69-1728246969" id="ez-toc-js-js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/wp-content/plugins/td-composer/legacy/Newspaper/js/tagdiv_theme.min.js?ver=12.6.7" id="td-site-min-js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/wp-content/plugins/td-composer/legacy/Newspaper/js/tdPostImages.js?ver=12.6.7" id="tdPostImages-js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/wp-content/plugins/td-composer/legacy/Newspaper/js/tdSocialSharing.js?ver=12.6.7" id="tdSocialSharing-js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/wp-content/plugins/td-composer/legacy/Newspaper/js/tdModalPostImages.js?ver=12.6.7" id="tdModalPostImages-js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/wp-includes/js/comment-reply.min.js?ver=6.6.2" id="comment-reply-js" async="async" data-wp-strategy="async"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/wp-includes/js/underscore.min.js?ver=1.13.4" id="underscore-js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" id="tds_js_files_for_front-js-extra">
/* <![CDATA[ */
var tds_js_globals = {"wpRestNonce":"bdb52f4e24","wpRestUrl":"https:\/\/livres-economie-gestion.com\/wp-json\/","permalinkStructure":"\/%postname%\/"};
/* ]]> */
</script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/wp-content/plugins/td-subscription/assets/js/js_files_for_front.min.js?ver=1.6.2" id="tds_js_files_for_front-js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/wp-content/plugins/td-cloud-library/assets/js/js_files_for_front.min.js?ver=b089d95615dd8e22e80845576af6b5b5" id="tdb_js_files_for_front-js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/wp-content/plugins/td-composer/legacy/Newspaper/js/tdToTop.js?ver=12.6.7" id="tdToTop-js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/wp-content/plugins/td-composer/legacy/Newspaper/js/tdPopupModal.js?ver=12.6.7" id="tdPopupModal-js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/wp-content/plugins/td-cloud-library/assets/js/tdbMenu.js?ver=b089d95615dd8e22e80845576af6b5b5" id="tdbMenu-js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/wp-content/plugins/td-cloud-library/assets/js/tdbSearch.js?ver=b089d95615dd8e22e80845576af6b5b5" id="tdbSearch-js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://livres-economie-gestion.com/wp-content/plugins/td-composer/legacy/Newspaper/js/tdSmartSidebar.js?ver=12.6.7" id="tdSmartSidebar-js"></script>
<!-- JS generated by theme -->
<script type="text/javascript" id="td-generated-footer-js">
/* global jQuery:{} */
jQuery().ready( function () {
var blockUid = 'tdi_8',
$blockObj = jQuery('.tdi_8'),
modalUid = 'td-free-mobile-modal',
$modalObj = $blockObj.find('.tdm-popup-modal-wrap'),
show_modal_in_composer = '';
if( $modalObj.length && modalUid !== '' ) {
var tdPopupModalItem = new tdPopupModal.item(),
$triggerBtnObj = $blockObj.find('> .tds-button > a.tdm-btn');
// modal uid
tdPopupModalItem.uid = modalUid;
// block uid
tdPopupModalItem.blockUid = blockUid;
// modal object
tdPopupModalItem.modalObj = $modalObj;
// modal object
tdPopupModalItem.closeModals = [];
// modal open position
tdPopupModalItem._modal_open_position = 'over-screen';
// modal open disable site scroll
tdPopupModalItem._site_scroll = '1';
// check to see whether we are in composer or not
// we are not in composer
// trigger button object
if( $triggerBtnObj.length ) {
tdPopupModalItem.triggerBtnObj = $triggerBtnObj;
}
// trigger types
tdPopupModalItem._modal_trigger_types = {"button":[]};
// modal content load
tdPopupModalItem._modal_content_load = '';
tdPopupModal.addItem(tdPopupModalItem);
}
});
// this needs to run on window load event to make sure that all tdPopupModal items are initialized
// modified from " jQuery(window).on( 'load' " to " setTimout " for Firefox issue
setTimeout( function () {
var blockUid = 'tdi_30',
$blockObj = jQuery('.tdi_30'),
modalUid = 'td-free-mobile-modal',
$triggerBtnObj = $blockObj.find('> .tds-button > a.tdm-btn'),
in_composer = false,
show_modal_in_composer = 'yes';
if( modalUid !== '' ) {
var tdPopupModalItem = tdPopupModal.getItem(modalUid);
// if item was found
if ( tdPopupModalItem ) {
// console.log( 'tdPopupModalItem OK !' );
if ( $triggerBtnObj.length && !in_composer ) {
// add button click event .triggerBtnObj
$triggerBtnObj.click( function (e) {
e.preventDefault();
//console.log( 'source modal id btn click', tdPopupModalItem );
tdPopupModal.modalOpen(tdPopupModalItem);
});
}
} else {
// console.log( 'tdPopupModalItem not found !' );
}
}
}, 700);
/* global jQuery:{} */
jQuery(document).ready( function () {
var tdbMenuItem = new tdbMenu.item();
tdbMenuItem.blockUid = 'tdi_56';
tdbMenuItem.jqueryObj = jQuery('.tdi_56');
tdbMenuItem.blockAtts = '{"main_sub_tdicon":"tdc-font-fa tdc-font-fa-angle-down","sub_tdicon":"td-icon-right-arrow","mm_align_horiz":"content-horiz-center","modules_on_row_regular":"20%","modules_on_row_cats":"25%","image_size":"td_324x400","modules_category":"above","show_excerpt":"none","show_com":"none","show_date":"none","show_author":"none","mm_sub_align_horiz":"content-horiz-right","mm_elem_align_horiz":"content-horiz-left","menu_id":"20","inline":"yes","f_elem_font_family":"global-font-2_global","f_elem_font_size":"eyJhbGwiOiIxMyIsInBvcnRyYWl0IjoiMTEifQ==","f_elem_font_weight":"500","f_elem_font_line_height":"eyJhbGwiOiI1MHB4IiwicG9ydHJhaXQiOiIzNnB4IiwibGFuZHNjYXBlIjoiNDJweCJ9","tds_menu_active":"tds_menu_active1","tds_menu_active3-text_color_h":"#ffffff","tds_menu_active3-bg_color":"#000000","tdc_css":"eyJhbGwiOnsiZGlzcGxheSI6IiJ9fQ==","elem_padd":"0 2px","tds_menu_active1-line_width":"0","tds_menu_active1-line_color":"#ffffff","f_elem_font_transform":"uppercase","text_color":"#ffffff","main_sub_icon_space":"8","tds_menu_active1-line_height":"0","tds_menu_active1-text_color_h":"var(--dark-border)","main_sub_icon_size":"13","f_sub_elem_font_size":"eyJhbGwiOiIxMiIsInBvcnRyYWl0IjoiMTEifQ==","f_mm_sub_font_family":"downtown-sans-serif-font_global","f_mm_sub_font_size":"eyJhbGwiOiIxNCIsImxhbmRzY2FwZSI6IjEzIiwicG9ydHJhaXQiOiIxMiJ9","f_mm_sub_font_line_height":"1.2","f_mm_sub_font_weight":"500","f_sub_elem_font_weight":"500","f_sub_elem_font_transform":"uppercase","show_mega_cats":"yes","mm_align_screen":"yes","mm_width":"1392","art_title":"eyJhbGwiOiI4cHggMCAwIDAiLCJsYW5kc2NhcGUiOiI2cHggMCAwIDAiLCJwb3J0cmFpdCI6IjRweCAwIDAgMCJ9","f_title_font_family":"downtown-serif-font_global","f_title_font_size":"eyJhbGwiOiIyMCIsImxhbmRzY2FwZSI6IjE2IiwicG9ydHJhaXQiOiIxNCJ9","f_title_font_line_height":"1","f_title_font_weight":"700","f_title_font_transform":"","title_txt":"#000000","title_txt_hover":"var(--downtown-accent-titles)","image_height":"eyJhbGwiOiI2NCIsImxhbmRzY2FwZSI6Ijg1IiwicG9ydHJhaXQiOiI5MCJ9","modules_category_margin":"0","modules_category_padding":"0","modules_cat_border":"0","f_cat_font_family":"downtown-sans-serif-font_global","f_cat_font_size":"eyJhbGwiOiIxMyIsInBvcnRyYWl0IjoiMTIifQ==","f_cat_font_line_height":"1","f_cat_font_weight":"700","f_cat_font_transform":"","cat_bg":"rgba(255,255,255,0)","cat_bg_hover":"rgba(255,255,255,0)","cat_txt":"#edb500","cat_txt_hover":"#000000","mm_sub_border":"1px 0 0 0","mm_elem_border":"0","mm_elem_border_a":"0","meta_padding":"eyJhbGwiOiIxNXB4IDAgMCIsImxhbmRzY2FwZSI6IjEycHggMCAwIiwicG9ydHJhaXQiOiIxMHB4IDAgMCJ9","mm_shadow_shadow_size":"20","mm_shadow_shadow_offset_vertical":"4","mm_border_size":"0","mm_shadow_shadow_color":"rgba(0,0,0,0.12)","mm_subcats_bg":"#0a2472","mm_elem_color":"#ffffff","mm_elem_color_a":"var(--downtown-accent-light)","mm_elem_bg":"rgba(255,255,255,0)","mm_elem_bg_a":"rgba(255,255,255,0)","mm_elem_padd":"eyJhbGwiOiI4cHggMjBweCIsInBvcnRyYWl0IjoiNXB4IDE1cHgifQ==","mm_sub_padd":"eyJhbGwiOiIyMHB4IDAiLCJwb3J0cmFpdCI6IjE1cHggMCJ9","mm_subcats_border_color":"#000a4c","pag_border_width":"0","pag_text":"#ffffff","pag_h_text":"#ffffff","pag_bg":"var(--downtown-menu-bg)","pag_h_bg":"var(--downtown-accent)","pag_padding":"1","meta_info_horiz":"content-horiz-center","excl_txt":"Locked","excl_margin":"-4px 5px 0 0","excl_padd":"3px 5px","excl_color":"#ffffff","excl_color_h":"#ffffff","excl_bg":"var(--downtown-menu-bg-light)","excl_bg_h":"var(--downtown-menu-bg)","f_excl_font_family":"downtown-sans-serif-font_global","f_excl_font_size":"10","f_excl_font_line_height":"1.1","f_excl_font_transform":"uppercase","mm_sub_width":"eyJsYW5kc2NhcGUiOiIxODAiLCJwb3J0cmFpdCI6IjE0MCJ9","mm_padd":"eyJhbGwiOiIyMCIsInBvcnRyYWl0IjoiMTUifQ==","modules_gap":"eyJhbGwiOiIyMCIsImxhbmRzY2FwZSI6IjE1IiwicG9ydHJhaXQiOiIxMCJ9","all_modules_space":"0","elem_space":"eyJhbGwiOiIxNSIsImxhbmRzY2FwZSI6IjEyIiwicG9ydHJhaXQiOiIxMCJ9","f_elem_font_spacing":"0.2","block_type":"tdb_header_menu","show_subcat":"","show_mega":"","mob_load":"","separator":"","width":"","more":"","float_right":"","align_horiz":"content-horiz-left","main_sub_icon_align":"-1","sep_tdicon":"","sep_icon_size":"","sep_icon_space":"","sep_icon_align":"-1","more_txt":"","more_tdicon":"","more_icon_size":"","more_icon_align":"0","sub_width":"","sub_first_left":"","sub_rest_top":"","sub_padd":"","sub_align_horiz":"content-horiz-left","sub_elem_inline":"","sub_elem_space":"","sub_elem_padd":"","sub_elem_radius":"0","sub_icon_size":"","sub_icon_space":"","sub_icon_pos":"","sub_icon_align":"1","mm_content_width":"","mm_height":"","mm_radius":"","mm_offset":"","mm_posts_limit":"5","mm_subcats_posts_limit":"4","mm_child_cats":"","open_in_new_window":"","mm_ajax_preloading":"","mm_hide_all_item":"","mm_sub_inline":"","mm_elem_order":"name","mm_elem_space":"","mm_elem_border_rad":"","mc1_tl":"","mc1_title_tag":"","mc1_el":"","m_padding":"","modules_border_size":"","modules_border_style":"","modules_border_color":"#eaeaea","modules_divider":"","modules_divider_color":"#eaeaea","h_effect":"","image_alignment":"50","image_width":"","image_floated":"no_float","image_radius":"","hide_image":"","video_icon":"","show_vid_t":"block","vid_t_margin":"","vid_t_padding":"","vid_t_color":"","vid_t_bg_color":"","f_vid_time_font_header":"","f_vid_time_font_title":"Video duration text","f_vid_time_font_settings":"","f_vid_time_font_family":"","f_vid_time_font_size":"","f_vid_time_font_line_height":"","f_vid_time_font_style":"","f_vid_time_font_weight":"","f_vid_time_font_transform":"","f_vid_time_font_spacing":"","f_vid_time_":"","excl_show":"inline-block","all_excl_border":"","all_excl_border_style":"solid","excl_radius":"","all_excl_border_color":"","excl_border_color_h":"","f_excl_font_header":"","f_excl_font_title":"Label text","f_excl_font_settings":"","f_excl_font_style":"","f_excl_font_weight":"","f_excl_font_spacing":"","f_excl_":"","show_audio":"block","hide_audio":"","art_audio":"","art_audio_size":"1","meta_info_align":"","meta_width":"","meta_margin":"","meta_info_border_size":"","meta_info_border_style":"","meta_info_border_color":"#eaeaea","modules_category_radius":"0","show_cat":"inline-block","modules_extra_cat":"","author_photo":"","author_photo_size":"","author_photo_space":"","author_photo_radius":"","show_modified_date":"","time_ago":"","time_ago_add_txt":"ago","time_ago_txt_pos":"","art_excerpt":"","excerpt_col":"1","excerpt_gap":"","excerpt_middle":"","show_review":"inline-block","review_space":"","review_size":"2.5","review_distance":"","show_pagination":"","pag_space":"","pag_border_radius":"","prev_tdicon":"","next_tdicon":"","pag_icons_size":"","main_sub_color":"","sep_color":"","more_icon_color":"","hover_opacity":"","f_elem_font_header":"","f_elem_font_title":"Elements text","f_elem_font_settings":"","f_elem_font_style":"","f_elem_":"","sub_bg_color":"","sub_border_size":"","sub_border_color":"","sub_border_radius":"","sub_text_color":"","sub_elem_bg_color":"","sub_color":"","sub_shadow_shadow_header":"","sub_shadow_shadow_title":"Shadow","sub_shadow_shadow_size":"","sub_shadow_shadow_offset_horizontal":"","sub_shadow_shadow_offset_vertical":"","sub_shadow_shadow_spread":"","sub_shadow_shadow_color":"","tds_menu_sub_active":"tds_menu_sub_active1","f_sub_elem_font_header":"","f_sub_elem_font_title":"Elements text","f_sub_elem_font_settings":"","f_sub_elem_font_family":"","f_sub_elem_font_line_height":"","f_sub_elem_font_style":"","f_sub_elem_font_spacing":"","f_sub_elem_":"","mm_bg":"","mm_content_bg":"","mm_border_color":"","mm_shadow_shadow_header":"","mm_shadow_shadow_title":"Shadow","mm_shadow_shadow_offset_horizontal":"","mm_shadow_shadow_spread":"","mm_elem_border_color":"","mm_elem_border_color_a":"","mm_elem_shadow_shadow_header":"","mm_elem_shadow_shadow_title":"Elements shadow","mm_elem_shadow_shadow_size":"","mm_elem_shadow_shadow_offset_horizontal":"","mm_elem_shadow_shadow_offset_vertical":"","mm_elem_shadow_shadow_spread":"","mm_elem_shadow_shadow_color":"","f_mm_sub_font_header":"","f_mm_sub_font_title":"Sub categories elements","f_mm_sub_font_settings":"","f_mm_sub_font_style":"","f_mm_sub_font_transform":"","f_mm_sub_font_spacing":"","f_mm_sub_":"","m_bg":"","color_overlay":"","shadow_shadow_header":"","shadow_shadow_title":"Module Shadow","shadow_shadow_size":"","shadow_shadow_offset_horizontal":"","shadow_shadow_offset_vertical":"","shadow_shadow_spread":"","shadow_shadow_color":"","all_underline_height":"","all_underline_color":"#000","cat_border":"","cat_border_hover":"","meta_bg":"","author_txt":"","author_txt_hover":"","date_txt":"","ex_txt":"","com_bg":"","com_txt":"","rev_txt":"","shadow_m_shadow_header":"","shadow_m_shadow_title":"Meta info shadow","shadow_m_shadow_size":"","shadow_m_shadow_offset_horizontal":"","shadow_m_shadow_offset_vertical":"","shadow_m_shadow_spread":"","shadow_m_shadow_color":"","audio_btn_color":"","audio_time_color":"","audio_bar_color":"","audio_bar_curr_color":"","pag_border":"","pag_h_border":"","f_title_font_header":"","f_title_font_title":"Article title","f_title_font_settings":"","f_title_font_style":"","f_title_font_spacing":"","f_title_":"","f_cat_font_title":"Article category tag","f_cat_font_settings":"","f_cat_font_style":"","f_cat_font_spacing":"","f_cat_":"","f_meta_font_title":"Article meta info","f_meta_font_settings":"","f_meta_font_family":"","f_meta_font_size":"","f_meta_font_line_height":"","f_meta_font_style":"","f_meta_font_weight":"","f_meta_font_transform":"","f_meta_font_spacing":"","f_meta_":"","f_ex_font_title":"Article excerpt","f_ex_font_settings":"","f_ex_font_family":"","f_ex_font_size":"","f_ex_font_line_height":"","f_ex_font_style":"","f_ex_font_weight":"","f_ex_font_transform":"","f_ex_font_spacing":"","f_ex_":"","mix_color":"","mix_type":"","fe_brightness":"1","fe_contrast":"1","fe_saturate":"1","mix_color_h":"","mix_type_h":"","fe_brightness_h":"1","fe_contrast_h":"1","fe_saturate_h":"1","el_class":"","block_template_id":"","td_column_number":2,"header_color":"","ajax_pagination_infinite_stop":"","offset":"","limit":"5","td_ajax_preloading":"","td_ajax_filter_type":"","td_filter_default_txt":"","td_ajax_filter_ids":"","color_preset":"","ajax_pagination":"","ajax_pagination_next_prev_swipe":"","border_top":"","css":"","class":"tdi_56","tdc_css_class":"tdi_56","tdc_css_class_style":"tdi_56_rand_style","context":""}';
tdbMenuItem.isMegaMenuFull = true;
tdbMenuItem.megaMenuLoadType = '';
tdbMenu.addItem(tdbMenuItem);
});
jQuery().ready(function () {
var tdbSearchItem = new tdbSearch.item();
//block unique ID
tdbSearchItem.blockUid = 'tdi_60';
tdbSearchItem.blockAtts = '{"inline":"yes","toggle_txt_pos":"after","form_align":"content-horiz-right","results_msg_align":"content-horiz-center","image_floated":"float_left","image_width":"30","image_size":"td_324x400","show_cat":"none","show_btn":"none","show_date":"","show_review":"none","show_com":"none","show_excerpt":"none","show_author":"none","meta_padding":"0 0 0 15px","art_title":"0 0 5px","all_modules_space":"20","icon_color":"#ffffff","icon_color_h":"var(--accent-color-2)","f_toggle_txt_font_family":"global-font-2_global","form_shadow_shadow_size":"16","form_shadow_shadow_color":"rgba(0,0,0,0.16)","input_color":"var(--base-color-1)","placeholder_color":"var(--base-gray)","btn_color":"#ffffff","btn_color_h":"#ffffff","btn_bg":"var(--accent-color-1)","btn_bg_h":"var(--accent-color-2)","exclude_pages":"yes","tdicon":"td-icon-magnifier-big-rounded","tdc_css":"eyJhbGwiOnsiZGlzcGxheSI6IiJ9LCJwb3J0cmFpdCI6eyJkaXNwbGF5IjoiIn0sInBvcnRyYWl0X21heF93aWR0aCI6MTAxOCwicG9ydHJhaXRfbWluX3dpZHRoIjo3Njh9","input_placeholder":"type here...","input_padding":"10px 20px 11px 20px","input_radius":"50px","form_width":"eyJhbGwiOiI0MDAiLCJwb3J0cmFpdCI6IjM2MCJ9","show_form":"yes","btn_radius":"0 50px 50px 0","f_input_font_family":"global-font-1_global","f_placeholder_font_family":"global-font-1_global","f_btn_font_family":"global-font-1_global","f_input_font_size":"eyJhbGwiOiIxMyIsInBvcnRyYWl0IjoiMTIifQ==","f_placeholder_font_size":"eyJhbGwiOiIxMyIsInBvcnRyYWl0IjoiMTIifQ==","f_btn_font_transform":"uppercase","form_border_color":"var(--accent-color-1)","arrow_color":"var(--accent-color-1)","form_border":"2px 0 0 0","results_border":"0","results_msg_padding":"eyJhbGwiOiIxMHB4IDAgMjVweCAwIiwicG9ydHJhaXQiOiI1cHggMCAyMHB4IDAifQ==","f_results_msg_font_family":"global-font-2_global","f_results_msg_font_weight":"400","f_results_msg_font_size":"eyJhbGwiOiIxNSIsImxhbmRzY2FwZSI6IjE0IiwicG9ydHJhaXQiOiIxMyJ9","f_results_msg_font_line_height":"1.2","title_txt":"var(--base-color-1)","title_txt_hover":"var(--accent-color-1)","all_underline_color":"","date_txt":"var(--base-color-1)","f_title_font_family":"global-font-1_global","f_title_font_weight":"700","f_title_font_size":"eyJhbGwiOiIxNSIsInBvcnRyYWl0IjoiMTQifQ==","f_title_font_line_height":"1.2","f_cat_font_family":"global-font-1_global","f_meta_font_family":"global-font-2_global","f_ex_font_family":"global-font-2_global","f_meta_font_size":"eyJhbGwiOiIxMyIsInBvcnRyYWl0IjoiMTIifQ==","f_meta_font_line_height":"1.2","meta_info_align":"center","f_btn_font_size":"eyJwb3J0cmFpdCI6IjEyIn0=","icon_size":"eyJhbGwiOjIwLCJwb3J0cmFpdCI6IjE4In0=","block_type":"tdb_header_search","post_type":"","disable_trigger":"","show_results":"yes","separator":"","disable_live_search":"","exclude_posts":"","search_section_header":"","results_section_1_title":"","results_section_1_taxonomies":"","results_section_1_level":"","results_section_2_title":"","results_section_2_taxonomies":"","results_section_2_level":"","results_section_3_title":"","results_section_3_taxonomies":"","results_section_3_level":"","results_section_search_query_terms":"","results_section_search_query_terms_title":"","results_section_search_query_terms_taxonomies":"","sec_title_space":"","sec_title_color":"","tax_space":"","tax_title_color":"","tax_title_color_h":"","f_sec_title_font_header":"","f_sec_title_font_title":"Section title text","f_sec_title_font_settings":"","f_sec_title_font_family":"","f_sec_title_font_size":"","f_sec_title_font_line_height":"","f_sec_title_font_style":"","f_sec_title_font_weight":"","f_sec_title_font_transform":"","f_sec_title_font_spacing":"","f_sec_title_":"","f_tax_title_font_title":"Taxonomy title text","f_tax_title_font_settings":"","f_tax_title_font_family":"","f_tax_title_font_size":"","f_tax_title_font_line_height":"","f_tax_title_font_style":"","f_tax_title_font_weight":"","f_tax_title_font_transform":"","f_tax_title_font_spacing":"","f_tax_title_":"","icon_padding":"2.4","toggle_txt":"","toggle_txt_align":"0","toggle_txt_space":"","toggle_horiz_align":"content-horiz-left","float_block":"","form_offset":"","form_offset_left":"","form_content_width":"","form_padding":"","form_align_screen":"","placeholder_travel":"0","input_border":"","btn_text":"Search","btn_tdicon":"","btn_icon_pos":"","btn_icon_size":"","btn_icon_space":"","btn_icon_align":"0","btn_margin":"","btn_padding":"","btn_border":"","results_padding":"","results_msg_border":"","mc1_tl":"","mc1_title_tag":"","mc1_el":"","results_limit":"","open_in_new_window":"","modules_on_row":"100%","modules_gap":"","m_padding":"","modules_border_size":"","modules_border_style":"","modules_border_color":"#eaeaea","modules_divider":"","modules_divider_color":"#eaeaea","h_effect":"","image_alignment":"50","image_height":"","image_radius":"","hide_image":"","video_icon":"","show_vid_t":"block","vid_t_margin":"","vid_t_padding":"","vid_t_color":"","vid_t_bg_color":"","f_vid_time_font_header":"","f_vid_time_font_title":"Video duration text","f_vid_time_font_settings":"","f_vid_time_font_family":"","f_vid_time_font_size":"","f_vid_time_font_line_height":"","f_vid_time_font_style":"","f_vid_time_font_weight":"","f_vid_time_font_transform":"","f_vid_time_font_spacing":"","f_vid_time_":"","excl_show":"inline-block","excl_txt":"","excl_margin":"","excl_padd":"","all_excl_border":"","all_excl_border_style":"solid","excl_radius":"","excl_color":"","excl_color_h":"","excl_bg":"","excl_bg_h":"","all_excl_border_color":"","excl_border_color_h":"","f_excl_font_header":"","f_excl_font_title":"Label text","f_excl_font_settings":"","f_excl_font_family":"","f_excl_font_size":"","f_excl_font_line_height":"","f_excl_font_style":"","f_excl_font_weight":"","f_excl_font_transform":"","f_excl_font_spacing":"","f_excl_":"","meta_info_horiz":"content-horiz-left","meta_width":"","meta_margin":"","meta_info_border_size":"","meta_info_border_style":"","meta_info_border_color":"#eaeaea","art_btn":"","modules_category":"","modules_category_margin":"","modules_category_padding":"","modules_cat_border":"","modules_category_radius":"0","modules_extra_cat":"","author_photo":"","author_photo_size":"","author_photo_space":"","author_photo_radius":"","show_modified_date":"","time_ago":"","time_ago_add_txt":"ago","time_ago_txt_pos":"","review_space":"","review_size":"2.5","review_distance":"","art_excerpt":"","excerpt_col":"1","excerpt_gap":"","excerpt_middle":"","btn_title":"","btn_border_width":"","form_general_bg":"","toggle_txt_color":"","toggle_txt_color_h":"","f_toggle_txt_font_header":"","f_toggle_txt_font_title":"Text","f_toggle_txt_font_settings":"","f_toggle_txt_font_size":"","f_toggle_txt_font_line_height":"","f_toggle_txt_font_style":"","f_toggle_txt_font_weight":"","f_toggle_txt_font_transform":"","f_toggle_txt_font_spacing":"","f_toggle_txt_":"","form_bg":"","form_shadow_shadow_header":"","form_shadow_shadow_title":"Shadow","form_shadow_shadow_offset_horizontal":"","form_shadow_shadow_offset_vertical":"","form_shadow_shadow_spread":"","placeholder_opacity":"0","input_bg":"","input_border_color":"","input_shadow_shadow_header":"","input_shadow_shadow_title":"Input shadow","input_shadow_shadow_size":"","input_shadow_shadow_offset_horizontal":"","input_shadow_shadow_offset_vertical":"","input_shadow_shadow_spread":"","input_shadow_shadow_color":"","btn_icon_color":"","btn_icon_color_h":"","btn_border_color":"","btn_border_color_h":"","btn_shadow_shadow_header":"","btn_shadow_shadow_title":"Button shadow","btn_shadow_shadow_size":"","btn_shadow_shadow_offset_horizontal":"","btn_shadow_shadow_offset_vertical":"","btn_shadow_shadow_spread":"","btn_shadow_shadow_color":"","f_input_font_header":"","f_input_font_title":"Input text","f_input_font_settings":"","f_input_font_line_height":"","f_input_font_style":"","f_input_font_weight":"","f_input_font_transform":"","f_input_font_spacing":"","f_input_":"","f_placeholder_font_title":"Placeholder text","f_placeholder_font_settings":"","f_placeholder_font_line_height":"","f_placeholder_font_style":"","f_placeholder_font_weight":"","f_placeholder_font_transform":"","f_placeholder_font_spacing":"","f_placeholder_":"","f_btn_font_title":"Button text","f_btn_font_settings":"","f_btn_font_line_height":"","f_btn_font_style":"","f_btn_font_weight":"","f_btn_font_spacing":"","f_btn_":"","results_bg":"","results_border_color":"","results_msg_color":"","results_msg_color_h":"","results_msg_bg":"","results_msg_border_color":"","f_results_msg_font_header":"","f_results_msg_font_title":"Text","f_results_msg_font_settings":"","f_results_msg_font_style":"","f_results_msg_font_transform":"","f_results_msg_font_spacing":"","f_results_msg_":"","m_bg":"","color_overlay":"","shadow_module_shadow_header":"","shadow_module_shadow_title":"Module Shadow","shadow_module_shadow_size":"","shadow_module_shadow_offset_horizontal":"","shadow_module_shadow_offset_vertical":"","shadow_module_shadow_spread":"","shadow_module_shadow_color":"","all_underline_height":"","cat_bg":"","cat_bg_hover":"","cat_txt":"","cat_txt_hover":"","cat_border":"","cat_border_hover":"","meta_bg":"","author_txt":"","author_txt_hover":"","ex_txt":"","com_bg":"","com_txt":"","rev_txt":"","shadow_meta_shadow_header":"","shadow_meta_shadow_title":"Meta info shadow","shadow_meta_shadow_size":"","shadow_meta_shadow_offset_horizontal":"","shadow_meta_shadow_offset_vertical":"","shadow_meta_shadow_spread":"","shadow_meta_shadow_color":"","btn_bg_hover":"","btn_txt":"","btn_txt_hover":"","btn_border_hover":"","f_title_font_header":"","f_title_font_title":"Article title","f_title_font_settings":"","f_title_font_style":"","f_title_font_transform":"","f_title_font_spacing":"","f_title_":"","f_cat_font_title":"Article category tag","f_cat_font_settings":"","f_cat_font_size":"","f_cat_font_line_height":"","f_cat_font_style":"","f_cat_font_weight":"","f_cat_font_transform":"","f_cat_font_spacing":"","f_cat_":"","f_meta_font_title":"Article meta info","f_meta_font_settings":"","f_meta_font_style":"","f_meta_font_weight":"","f_meta_font_transform":"","f_meta_font_spacing":"","f_meta_":"","f_ex_font_title":"Article excerpt","f_ex_font_settings":"","f_ex_font_size":"","f_ex_font_line_height":"","f_ex_font_style":"","f_ex_font_weight":"","f_ex_font_transform":"","f_ex_font_spacing":"","f_ex_":"","el_class":"","block_template_id":"","td_column_number":2,"header_color":"","ajax_pagination_infinite_stop":"","offset":"","limit":"5","td_ajax_preloading":"","td_ajax_filter_type":"","td_filter_default_txt":"","td_ajax_filter_ids":"","color_preset":"","ajax_pagination":"","ajax_pagination_next_prev_swipe":"","border_top":"","css":"","class":"tdi_60","tdc_css_class":"tdi_60","tdc_css_class_style":"tdi_60_rand_style"}';
tdbSearchItem.jqueryObj = jQuery('.tdi_60');
tdbSearchItem._openSearchFormClass = 'tdb-drop-down-search-open';
tdbSearchItem._resultsLimit = '4';
tdbSearch.addItem( tdbSearchItem );
});
/* global jQuery:{} */
jQuery(document).ready( function () {
var tdbMenuItem = new tdbMenu.item();
tdbMenuItem.blockUid = 'tdi_67';
tdbMenuItem.jqueryObj = jQuery('.tdi_67');
tdbMenuItem.blockAtts = '{"main_sub_tdicon":"tdc-font-fa tdc-font-fa-angle-down","sub_tdicon":"td-icon-right-arrow","mm_align_horiz":"content-horiz-center","modules_on_row_regular":"20%","modules_on_row_cats":"25%","image_size":"td_324x400","modules_category":"above","show_excerpt":"none","show_com":"none","show_date":"none","show_author":"none","mm_sub_align_horiz":"content-horiz-right","mm_elem_align_horiz":"content-horiz-left","menu_id":"19","inline":"yes","f_elem_font_family":"global-font-1_global","f_elem_font_size":"eyJhbGwiOiIxNyIsInBvcnRyYWl0IjoiMTMiLCJsYW5kc2NhcGUiOiIxNSJ9","f_elem_font_weight":"600","f_elem_font_line_height":"eyJhbGwiOiI2NHB4IiwicG9ydHJhaXQiOiI0OHB4IiwibGFuZHNjYXBlIjoiNjBweCJ9","tds_menu_active":"tds_menu_active1","tds_menu_active3-text_color_h":"#ffffff","tds_menu_active3-bg_color":"#000000","tdc_css":"eyJhbGwiOnsiZGlzcGxheSI6IiJ9fQ==","elem_padd":"eyJhbGwiOiIwIDEwcHgiLCJwb3J0cmFpdCI6IjAgNnB4IiwibGFuZHNjYXBlIjoiMCAxMHB4In0=","tds_menu_active1-line_width":"0","tds_menu_active1-line_color":"#ffffff","f_elem_font_transform":"none","text_color":"#ffffff","main_sub_icon_space":"8","tds_menu_active1-line_height":"0","tds_menu_active1-text_color_h":"var(--accent-color-2)","main_sub_icon_size":"13","f_sub_elem_font_size":"eyJhbGwiOiIxNSIsInBvcnRyYWl0IjoiMTEifQ==","f_mm_sub_font_family":"global-font-1_global","f_mm_sub_font_size":"eyJhbGwiOiIxNSIsInBvcnRyYWl0IjoiMTMifQ==","f_mm_sub_font_line_height":"1.2","f_mm_sub_font_weight":"500","f_sub_elem_font_weight":"500","f_sub_elem_font_transform":"uppercase","show_mega_cats":"yes","mm_align_screen":"yes","mm_width":"1440","art_title":"eyJhbGwiOiI4cHggMCAwIDAiLCJsYW5kc2NhcGUiOiI2cHggMCAwIDAiLCJwb3J0cmFpdCI6IjRweCAwIDAgMCJ9","f_title_font_family":"global-font-1_global","f_title_font_size":"eyJhbGwiOiIyMCIsImxhbmRzY2FwZSI6IjE2IiwicG9ydHJhaXQiOiIxNCJ9","f_title_font_line_height":"1.2","f_title_font_weight":"700","f_title_font_transform":"","title_txt":"var(--base-color-1)","title_txt_hover":"var(--accent-color-1)","image_height":"eyJhbGwiOiI2NCIsImxhbmRzY2FwZSI6Ijg1IiwicG9ydHJhaXQiOiI5MCJ9","modules_category_margin":"0","modules_category_padding":"0","modules_cat_border":"0","f_cat_font_family":"global-font-1_global","f_cat_font_size":"eyJhbGwiOiIxMyIsInBvcnRyYWl0IjoiMTIifQ==","f_cat_font_line_height":"1.2","f_cat_font_weight":"500","f_cat_font_transform":"","cat_bg":"rgba(255,255,255,0)","cat_bg_hover":"rgba(255,255,255,0)","cat_txt":"var(--accent-color-1)","cat_txt_hover":"var(--accent-color-2)","mm_sub_border":"0","mm_elem_border":"0","mm_elem_border_a":"0","meta_padding":"eyJhbGwiOiIxNXB4IDAgMCIsImxhbmRzY2FwZSI6IjEycHggMCAwIiwicG9ydHJhaXQiOiIxMHB4IDAgMCJ9","mm_shadow_shadow_size":"20","mm_shadow_shadow_offset_vertical":"4","mm_border_size":"0","mm_shadow_shadow_color":"rgba(0,0,0,0.12)","mm_subcats_bg":"var(--light-gray)","mm_elem_color":"var(--base-color-1)","mm_elem_color_a":"var(--accent-color-1)","mm_elem_bg":"rgba(255,255,255,0)","mm_elem_bg_a":"rgba(255,255,255,0)","mm_elem_padd":"eyJhbGwiOiI4cHggMjBweCIsInBvcnRyYWl0IjoiNXB4IDE1cHgifQ==","mm_sub_padd":"eyJhbGwiOiIyMHB4IDAiLCJwb3J0cmFpdCI6IjE1cHggMCJ9","pag_border_width":"0","pag_text":"var(--base-color-1)","pag_h_text":"var(--accent-color-1)","pag_bg":"var(--light-gray)","pag_h_bg":"var(--light-gray)","pag_padding":"eyJhbGwiOiIxMHB4IDE2cHgiLCJsYW5kc2NhcGUiOiI4cHggMTZweCIsInBvcnRyYWl0IjoiNnB4IDE0cHgifQ==","meta_info_horiz":"content-horiz-center","excl_txt":"Locked","excl_margin":"-4px 5px 0 0","excl_padd":"3px 5px","f_excl_font_family":"global-font-2_global","f_excl_font_size":"10","f_excl_font_line_height":"1.1","f_excl_font_transform":"uppercase","mm_sub_width":"eyJsYW5kc2NhcGUiOiIxODAiLCJwb3J0cmFpdCI6IjE0MCJ9","mm_padd":"eyJhbGwiOiIyMCIsInBvcnRyYWl0IjoiMTUifQ==","modules_gap":"eyJhbGwiOiIyMCIsImxhbmRzY2FwZSI6IjE1IiwicG9ydHJhaXQiOiIxMCJ9","all_modules_space":"0","elem_space":"0","sub_shadow_shadow_size":"12","sub_shadow_shadow_offset_horizontal":"0","sub_shadow_shadow_offset_vertical":"2","sub_shadow_shadow_color":"rgba(255,255,255,0.12)","f_sub_elem_font_family":"global-font-1_global","pag_border":"rgba(255,255,255,0)","pag_h_border":"rgba(255,255,255,0)","all_underline_color":"","pag_border_radius":"50","pag_icons_size":"eyJhbGwiOiIxMiIsImxhbmRzY2FwZSI6IjEwIiwicG9ydHJhaXQiOiI4In0=","excl_color":"#ffffff","excl_color_h":"#ffffff","excl_bg":"var(--accent-color-1)","excl_bg_h":"var(--accent-color-2)","excl_show":"none","sub_icon_pos":"","width":"100%","block_type":"tdb_header_menu","show_subcat":"","show_mega":"","mob_load":"","separator":"","more":"","float_right":"","align_horiz":"content-horiz-left","main_sub_icon_align":"-1","sep_tdicon":"","sep_icon_size":"","sep_icon_space":"","sep_icon_align":"-1","more_txt":"","more_tdicon":"","more_icon_size":"","more_icon_align":"0","sub_width":"","sub_first_left":"","sub_rest_top":"","sub_padd":"","sub_align_horiz":"content-horiz-left","sub_elem_inline":"","sub_elem_space":"","sub_elem_padd":"","sub_elem_radius":"0","sub_icon_size":"","sub_icon_space":"","sub_icon_align":"1","mm_content_width":"","mm_height":"","mm_radius":"","mm_offset":"","mm_posts_limit":"5","mm_subcats_posts_limit":"4","mm_child_cats":"","open_in_new_window":"","mm_ajax_preloading":"","mm_hide_all_item":"","mm_sub_inline":"","mm_elem_order":"name","mm_elem_space":"","mm_elem_border_rad":"","mc1_tl":"","mc1_title_tag":"","mc1_el":"","m_padding":"","modules_border_size":"","modules_border_style":"","modules_border_color":"#eaeaea","modules_divider":"","modules_divider_color":"#eaeaea","h_effect":"","image_alignment":"50","image_width":"","image_floated":"no_float","image_radius":"","hide_image":"","video_icon":"","show_vid_t":"block","vid_t_margin":"","vid_t_padding":"","vid_t_color":"","vid_t_bg_color":"","f_vid_time_font_header":"","f_vid_time_font_title":"Video duration text","f_vid_time_font_settings":"","f_vid_time_font_family":"","f_vid_time_font_size":"","f_vid_time_font_line_height":"","f_vid_time_font_style":"","f_vid_time_font_weight":"","f_vid_time_font_transform":"","f_vid_time_font_spacing":"","f_vid_time_":"","all_excl_border":"","all_excl_border_style":"solid","excl_radius":"","all_excl_border_color":"","excl_border_color_h":"","f_excl_font_header":"","f_excl_font_title":"Label text","f_excl_font_settings":"","f_excl_font_style":"","f_excl_font_weight":"","f_excl_font_spacing":"","f_excl_":"","show_audio":"block","hide_audio":"","art_audio":"","art_audio_size":"1","meta_info_align":"","meta_width":"","meta_margin":"","meta_info_border_size":"","meta_info_border_style":"","meta_info_border_color":"#eaeaea","modules_category_radius":"0","show_cat":"inline-block","modules_extra_cat":"","author_photo":"","author_photo_size":"","author_photo_space":"","author_photo_radius":"","show_modified_date":"","time_ago":"","time_ago_add_txt":"ago","time_ago_txt_pos":"","art_excerpt":"","excerpt_col":"1","excerpt_gap":"","excerpt_middle":"","show_review":"inline-block","review_space":"","review_size":"2.5","review_distance":"","show_pagination":"","pag_space":"","prev_tdicon":"","next_tdicon":"","main_sub_color":"","sep_color":"","more_icon_color":"","hover_opacity":"","f_elem_font_header":"","f_elem_font_title":"Elements text","f_elem_font_settings":"","f_elem_font_style":"","f_elem_font_spacing":"","f_elem_":"","sub_bg_color":"","sub_border_size":"","sub_border_color":"","sub_border_radius":"","sub_text_color":"","sub_elem_bg_color":"","sub_color":"","sub_shadow_shadow_header":"","sub_shadow_shadow_title":"Shadow","sub_shadow_shadow_spread":"","tds_menu_sub_active":"tds_menu_sub_active1","f_sub_elem_font_header":"","f_sub_elem_font_title":"Elements text","f_sub_elem_font_settings":"","f_sub_elem_font_line_height":"","f_sub_elem_font_style":"","f_sub_elem_font_spacing":"","f_sub_elem_":"","mm_bg":"","mm_content_bg":"","mm_border_color":"","mm_shadow_shadow_header":"","mm_shadow_shadow_title":"Shadow","mm_shadow_shadow_offset_horizontal":"","mm_shadow_shadow_spread":"","mm_subcats_border_color":"","mm_elem_border_color":"","mm_elem_border_color_a":"","mm_elem_shadow_shadow_header":"","mm_elem_shadow_shadow_title":"Elements shadow","mm_elem_shadow_shadow_size":"","mm_elem_shadow_shadow_offset_horizontal":"","mm_elem_shadow_shadow_offset_vertical":"","mm_elem_shadow_shadow_spread":"","mm_elem_shadow_shadow_color":"","f_mm_sub_font_header":"","f_mm_sub_font_title":"Sub categories elements","f_mm_sub_font_settings":"","f_mm_sub_font_style":"","f_mm_sub_font_transform":"","f_mm_sub_font_spacing":"","f_mm_sub_":"","m_bg":"","color_overlay":"","shadow_shadow_header":"","shadow_shadow_title":"Module Shadow","shadow_shadow_size":"","shadow_shadow_offset_horizontal":"","shadow_shadow_offset_vertical":"","shadow_shadow_spread":"","shadow_shadow_color":"","all_underline_height":"","cat_border":"","cat_border_hover":"","meta_bg":"","author_txt":"","author_txt_hover":"","date_txt":"","ex_txt":"","com_bg":"","com_txt":"","rev_txt":"","shadow_m_shadow_header":"","shadow_m_shadow_title":"Meta info shadow","shadow_m_shadow_size":"","shadow_m_shadow_offset_horizontal":"","shadow_m_shadow_offset_vertical":"","shadow_m_shadow_spread":"","shadow_m_shadow_color":"","audio_btn_color":"","audio_time_color":"","audio_bar_color":"","audio_bar_curr_color":"","f_title_font_header":"","f_title_font_title":"Article title","f_title_font_settings":"","f_title_font_style":"","f_title_font_spacing":"","f_title_":"","f_cat_font_title":"Article category tag","f_cat_font_settings":"","f_cat_font_style":"","f_cat_font_spacing":"","f_cat_":"","f_meta_font_title":"Article meta info","f_meta_font_settings":"","f_meta_font_family":"","f_meta_font_size":"","f_meta_font_line_height":"","f_meta_font_style":"","f_meta_font_weight":"","f_meta_font_transform":"","f_meta_font_spacing":"","f_meta_":"","f_ex_font_title":"Article excerpt","f_ex_font_settings":"","f_ex_font_family":"","f_ex_font_size":"","f_ex_font_line_height":"","f_ex_font_style":"","f_ex_font_weight":"","f_ex_font_transform":"","f_ex_font_spacing":"","f_ex_":"","mix_color":"","mix_type":"","fe_brightness":"1","fe_contrast":"1","fe_saturate":"1","mix_color_h":"","mix_type_h":"","fe_brightness_h":"1","fe_contrast_h":"1","fe_saturate_h":"1","el_class":"","block_template_id":"","td_column_number":2,"header_color":"","ajax_pagination_infinite_stop":"","offset":"","limit":"5","td_ajax_preloading":"","td_ajax_filter_type":"","td_filter_default_txt":"","td_ajax_filter_ids":"","color_preset":"","ajax_pagination":"","ajax_pagination_next_prev_swipe":"","border_top":"","css":"","class":"tdi_67","tdc_css_class":"tdi_67","tdc_css_class_style":"tdi_67_rand_style","context":""}';
tdbMenuItem.isMegaMenuFull = true;
tdbMenuItem.megaMenuLoadType = '';
tdbMenu.addItem(tdbMenuItem);
});
/* global jQuery:{} */
jQuery(document).ready( function () {
var tdbMenuItem = new tdbMenu.item();
tdbMenuItem.blockUid = 'tdi_83';
tdbMenuItem.jqueryObj = jQuery('.tdi_83');
tdbMenuItem.blockAtts = '{"main_sub_tdicon":"tdc-font-fa tdc-font-fa-angle-down","sub_tdicon":"td-icon-right-arrow","mm_align_horiz":"content-horiz-center","modules_on_row_regular":"20%","modules_on_row_cats":"25%","image_size":"td_324x400","modules_category":"above","show_excerpt":"none","show_com":"none","show_date":"none","show_author":"none","mm_sub_align_horiz":"content-horiz-right","mm_elem_align_horiz":"content-horiz-left","menu_id":"","inline":"yes","f_elem_font_family":"global-font-1_global","f_elem_font_size":"eyJhbGwiOiIxNyIsInBvcnRyYWl0IjoiMTMiLCJsYW5kc2NhcGUiOiIxNSJ9","f_elem_font_weight":"600","f_elem_font_line_height":"eyJhbGwiOiI4MHB4IiwicG9ydHJhaXQiOiI2MHB4IiwibGFuZHNjYXBlIjoiNzBweCJ9","tds_menu_active":"tds_menu_active1","tds_menu_active3-text_color_h":"#ffffff","tds_menu_active3-bg_color":"#000000","tdc_css":"eyJhbGwiOnsiZGlzcGxheSI6IiJ9fQ==","elem_padd":"eyJhbGwiOiIwIDE1cHgiLCJwb3J0cmFpdCI6IjAgNnB4IiwibGFuZHNjYXBlIjoiMCAxMHB4In0=","tds_menu_active1-line_width":"0","tds_menu_active1-line_color":"#ffffff","f_elem_font_transform":"none","text_color":"#ffffff","main_sub_icon_space":"8","tds_menu_active1-line_height":"0","tds_menu_active1-text_color_h":"var(--accent-color-2)","main_sub_icon_size":"13","f_sub_elem_font_size":"eyJhbGwiOiIxNSIsInBvcnRyYWl0IjoiMTEifQ==","f_mm_sub_font_family":"global-font-1_global","f_mm_sub_font_size":"eyJhbGwiOiIxNSIsInBvcnRyYWl0IjoiMTMifQ==","f_mm_sub_font_line_height":"1.2","f_mm_sub_font_weight":"500","f_sub_elem_font_weight":"500","f_sub_elem_font_transform":"uppercase","show_mega_cats":"yes","mm_align_screen":"yes","mm_width":"1440","art_title":"eyJhbGwiOiI4cHggMCAwIDAiLCJsYW5kc2NhcGUiOiI2cHggMCAwIDAiLCJwb3J0cmFpdCI6IjRweCAwIDAgMCJ9","f_title_font_family":"global-font-1_global","f_title_font_size":"eyJhbGwiOiIyMCIsImxhbmRzY2FwZSI6IjE2IiwicG9ydHJhaXQiOiIxNCJ9","f_title_font_line_height":"1.2","f_title_font_weight":"700","f_title_font_transform":"","title_txt":"var(--base-color-1)","title_txt_hover":"var(--accent-color-1)","image_height":"eyJhbGwiOiI2NCIsImxhbmRzY2FwZSI6Ijg1IiwicG9ydHJhaXQiOiI5MCJ9","modules_category_margin":"0","modules_category_padding":"0","modules_cat_border":"0","f_cat_font_family":"global-font-1_global","f_cat_font_size":"eyJhbGwiOiIxMyIsInBvcnRyYWl0IjoiMTIifQ==","f_cat_font_line_height":"1.2","f_cat_font_weight":"500","f_cat_font_transform":"","cat_bg":"rgba(255,255,255,0)","cat_bg_hover":"rgba(255,255,255,0)","cat_txt":"var(--accent-color-1)","cat_txt_hover":"var(--accent-color-2)","mm_sub_border":"0","mm_elem_border":"0","mm_elem_border_a":"0","meta_padding":"eyJhbGwiOiIxNXB4IDAgMCIsImxhbmRzY2FwZSI6IjEycHggMCAwIiwicG9ydHJhaXQiOiIxMHB4IDAgMCJ9","mm_shadow_shadow_size":"20","mm_shadow_shadow_offset_vertical":"4","mm_border_size":"0","mm_shadow_shadow_color":"rgba(0,0,0,0.12)","mm_subcats_bg":"var(--light-gray)","mm_elem_color":"var(--base-color-1)","mm_elem_color_a":"var(--accent-color-1)","mm_elem_bg":"rgba(255,255,255,0)","mm_elem_bg_a":"rgba(255,255,255,0)","mm_elem_padd":"eyJhbGwiOiI4cHggMjBweCIsInBvcnRyYWl0IjoiNXB4IDE1cHgifQ==","mm_sub_padd":"eyJhbGwiOiIyMHB4IDAiLCJwb3J0cmFpdCI6IjE1cHggMCJ9","pag_border_width":"0","pag_text":"var(--base-color-1)","pag_h_text":"var(--accent-color-1)","pag_bg":"var(--light-gray)","pag_h_bg":"var(--light-gray)","pag_padding":"eyJhbGwiOiIxMHB4IDE2cHgiLCJsYW5kc2NhcGUiOiI4cHggMTZweCIsInBvcnRyYWl0IjoiNnB4IDE0cHgifQ==","meta_info_horiz":"content-horiz-center","excl_txt":"Locked","excl_margin":"-4px 5px 0 0","excl_padd":"3px 5px","f_excl_font_family":"global-font-2_global","f_excl_font_size":"10","f_excl_font_line_height":"1.1","f_excl_font_transform":"uppercase","mm_sub_width":"eyJsYW5kc2NhcGUiOiIxODAiLCJwb3J0cmFpdCI6IjE0MCJ9","mm_padd":"eyJhbGwiOiIyMCIsInBvcnRyYWl0IjoiMTUifQ==","modules_gap":"eyJhbGwiOiIyMCIsImxhbmRzY2FwZSI6IjE1IiwicG9ydHJhaXQiOiIxMCJ9","all_modules_space":"0","elem_space":"0","sub_shadow_shadow_size":"12","sub_shadow_shadow_offset_horizontal":"0","sub_shadow_shadow_offset_vertical":"2","sub_shadow_shadow_color":"rgba(255,255,255,0.12)","f_sub_elem_font_family":"global-font-1_global","pag_border":"rgba(255,255,255,0)","pag_h_border":"rgba(255,255,255,0)","all_underline_color":"","pag_border_radius":"50","pag_icons_size":"eyJhbGwiOiIxMiIsImxhbmRzY2FwZSI6IjEwIiwicG9ydHJhaXQiOiI4In0=","excl_color":"#ffffff","excl_color_h":"#ffffff","excl_bg":"var(--accent-color-1)","excl_bg_h":"var(--accent-color-2)","excl_show":"none","block_type":"tdb_header_menu","show_subcat":"","show_mega":"","mob_load":"","separator":"","width":"","more":"","float_right":"","align_horiz":"content-horiz-left","main_sub_icon_align":"-1","sep_tdicon":"","sep_icon_size":"","sep_icon_space":"","sep_icon_align":"-1","more_txt":"","more_tdicon":"","more_icon_size":"","more_icon_align":"0","sub_width":"","sub_first_left":"","sub_rest_top":"","sub_padd":"","sub_align_horiz":"content-horiz-left","sub_elem_inline":"","sub_elem_space":"","sub_elem_padd":"","sub_elem_radius":"0","sub_icon_size":"","sub_icon_space":"","sub_icon_pos":"","sub_icon_align":"1","mm_content_width":"","mm_height":"","mm_radius":"","mm_offset":"","mm_posts_limit":"5","mm_subcats_posts_limit":"4","mm_child_cats":"","open_in_new_window":"","mm_ajax_preloading":"","mm_hide_all_item":"","mm_sub_inline":"","mm_elem_order":"name","mm_elem_space":"","mm_elem_border_rad":"","mc1_tl":"","mc1_title_tag":"","mc1_el":"","m_padding":"","modules_border_size":"","modules_border_style":"","modules_border_color":"#eaeaea","modules_divider":"","modules_divider_color":"#eaeaea","h_effect":"","image_alignment":"50","image_width":"","image_floated":"no_float","image_radius":"","hide_image":"","video_icon":"","show_vid_t":"block","vid_t_margin":"","vid_t_padding":"","vid_t_color":"","vid_t_bg_color":"","f_vid_time_font_header":"","f_vid_time_font_title":"Video duration text","f_vid_time_font_settings":"","f_vid_time_font_family":"","f_vid_time_font_size":"","f_vid_time_font_line_height":"","f_vid_time_font_style":"","f_vid_time_font_weight":"","f_vid_time_font_transform":"","f_vid_time_font_spacing":"","f_vid_time_":"","all_excl_border":"","all_excl_border_style":"solid","excl_radius":"","all_excl_border_color":"","excl_border_color_h":"","f_excl_font_header":"","f_excl_font_title":"Label text","f_excl_font_settings":"","f_excl_font_style":"","f_excl_font_weight":"","f_excl_font_spacing":"","f_excl_":"","show_audio":"block","hide_audio":"","art_audio":"","art_audio_size":"1","meta_info_align":"","meta_width":"","meta_margin":"","meta_info_border_size":"","meta_info_border_style":"","meta_info_border_color":"#eaeaea","modules_category_radius":"0","show_cat":"inline-block","modules_extra_cat":"","author_photo":"","author_photo_size":"","author_photo_space":"","author_photo_radius":"","show_modified_date":"","time_ago":"","time_ago_add_txt":"ago","time_ago_txt_pos":"","art_excerpt":"","excerpt_col":"1","excerpt_gap":"","excerpt_middle":"","show_review":"inline-block","review_space":"","review_size":"2.5","review_distance":"","show_pagination":"","pag_space":"","prev_tdicon":"","next_tdicon":"","main_sub_color":"","sep_color":"","more_icon_color":"","hover_opacity":"","f_elem_font_header":"","f_elem_font_title":"Elements text","f_elem_font_settings":"","f_elem_font_style":"","f_elem_font_spacing":"","f_elem_":"","sub_bg_color":"","sub_border_size":"","sub_border_color":"","sub_border_radius":"","sub_text_color":"","sub_elem_bg_color":"","sub_color":"","sub_shadow_shadow_header":"","sub_shadow_shadow_title":"Shadow","sub_shadow_shadow_spread":"","tds_menu_sub_active":"tds_menu_sub_active1","f_sub_elem_font_header":"","f_sub_elem_font_title":"Elements text","f_sub_elem_font_settings":"","f_sub_elem_font_line_height":"","f_sub_elem_font_style":"","f_sub_elem_font_spacing":"","f_sub_elem_":"","mm_bg":"","mm_content_bg":"","mm_border_color":"","mm_shadow_shadow_header":"","mm_shadow_shadow_title":"Shadow","mm_shadow_shadow_offset_horizontal":"","mm_shadow_shadow_spread":"","mm_subcats_border_color":"","mm_elem_border_color":"","mm_elem_border_color_a":"","mm_elem_shadow_shadow_header":"","mm_elem_shadow_shadow_title":"Elements shadow","mm_elem_shadow_shadow_size":"","mm_elem_shadow_shadow_offset_horizontal":"","mm_elem_shadow_shadow_offset_vertical":"","mm_elem_shadow_shadow_spread":"","mm_elem_shadow_shadow_color":"","f_mm_sub_font_header":"","f_mm_sub_font_title":"Sub categories elements","f_mm_sub_font_settings":"","f_mm_sub_font_style":"","f_mm_sub_font_transform":"","f_mm_sub_font_spacing":"","f_mm_sub_":"","m_bg":"","color_overlay":"","shadow_shadow_header":"","shadow_shadow_title":"Module Shadow","shadow_shadow_size":"","shadow_shadow_offset_horizontal":"","shadow_shadow_offset_vertical":"","shadow_shadow_spread":"","shadow_shadow_color":"","all_underline_height":"","cat_border":"","cat_border_hover":"","meta_bg":"","author_txt":"","author_txt_hover":"","date_txt":"","ex_txt":"","com_bg":"","com_txt":"","rev_txt":"","shadow_m_shadow_header":"","shadow_m_shadow_title":"Meta info shadow","shadow_m_shadow_size":"","shadow_m_shadow_offset_horizontal":"","shadow_m_shadow_offset_vertical":"","shadow_m_shadow_spread":"","shadow_m_shadow_color":"","audio_btn_color":"","audio_time_color":"","audio_bar_color":"","audio_bar_curr_color":"","f_title_font_header":"","f_title_font_title":"Article title","f_title_font_settings":"","f_title_font_style":"","f_title_font_spacing":"","f_title_":"","f_cat_font_title":"Article category tag","f_cat_font_settings":"","f_cat_font_style":"","f_cat_font_spacing":"","f_cat_":"","f_meta_font_title":"Article meta info","f_meta_font_settings":"","f_meta_font_family":"","f_meta_font_size":"","f_meta_font_line_height":"","f_meta_font_style":"","f_meta_font_weight":"","f_meta_font_transform":"","f_meta_font_spacing":"","f_meta_":"","f_ex_font_title":"Article excerpt","f_ex_font_settings":"","f_ex_font_family":"","f_ex_font_size":"","f_ex_font_line_height":"","f_ex_font_style":"","f_ex_font_weight":"","f_ex_font_transform":"","f_ex_font_spacing":"","f_ex_":"","mix_color":"","mix_type":"","fe_brightness":"1","fe_contrast":"1","fe_saturate":"1","mix_color_h":"","mix_type_h":"","fe_brightness_h":"1","fe_contrast_h":"1","fe_saturate_h":"1","el_class":"","block_template_id":"","td_column_number":2,"header_color":"","ajax_pagination_infinite_stop":"","offset":"","limit":"5","td_ajax_preloading":"","td_ajax_filter_type":"","td_filter_default_txt":"","td_ajax_filter_ids":"","color_preset":"","ajax_pagination":"","ajax_pagination_next_prev_swipe":"","border_top":"","css":"","class":"tdi_83","tdc_css_class":"tdi_83","tdc_css_class_style":"tdi_83_rand_style","context":""}';
tdbMenuItem.isMegaMenuFull = true;
tdbMenuItem.megaMenuLoadType = '';
tdbMenu.addItem(tdbMenuItem);
});
/* global jQuery:{} */
jQuery().ready( function () {
var blockUid = 'tdi_86',
$blockObj = jQuery('.tdi_86'),
modalUid = 'td-free-desktop-modal',
$modalObj = $blockObj.find('.tdm-popup-modal-wrap'),
show_modal_in_composer = '';
if( $modalObj.length && modalUid !== '' ) {
var tdPopupModalItem = new tdPopupModal.item(),
$triggerBtnObj = $blockObj.find('> .tds-button > a.tdm-btn');
// modal uid
tdPopupModalItem.uid = modalUid;
// block uid
tdPopupModalItem.blockUid = blockUid;
// modal object
tdPopupModalItem.modalObj = $modalObj;
// modal object
tdPopupModalItem.closeModals = [];
// modal open position
tdPopupModalItem._modal_open_position = 'over-screen';
// modal open disable site scroll
tdPopupModalItem._site_scroll = '1';
// check to see whether we are in composer or not
// we are not in composer
// trigger button object
if( $triggerBtnObj.length ) {
tdPopupModalItem.triggerBtnObj = $triggerBtnObj;
}
// trigger types
tdPopupModalItem._modal_trigger_types = {"button":[]};
// modal content load
tdPopupModalItem._modal_content_load = '';
tdPopupModal.addItem(tdPopupModalItem);
}
});
</script>
<script>var td_res_context_registered_atts=["style_general_header_logo","style_general_header_align","style_general_popup_modal","style_general_search_form","style_general_list_menu","style_specific_list_menu_vertical","style_specific_list_menu_accordion","style_specific_list_menu_horizontal","style_general_socials","style_general_button","style_general_header_menu","style_general_module_header","style_general_header_search","style_general_header_search_trigger_enabled","style_general_column_title","style_general_icon_box2","style_general_icon_box","style_general_single_categories","style_general_post_meta","style_general_reading_time","style_general_single_title","style_general_title_single","style_bg_space","style_general_single_author","style_general_single_date","style_general_single_post_share","style_general_single_content","style_general_inline_text","style_general_categories_tags"];</script>
</body>
</html>
<!-- Dynamic page generated in 0.385 seconds. -->
<!-- Cached page generated by WP-Super-Cache on 2024-10-16 01:26:50 -->
<!-- super cache --> 
